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1.
Thermal degradation studies of alkyl-imidazolium salts and their application in nanocomposites 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Walid H Awad Jeffrey W Gilman Marc Nyden Thomas E Sutto Paul C Trulove Douglas M Fox 《Thermochimica Acta》2004,409(1):3-11
Increasing the thermal stability of organically-modified layered silicates is one of the key points in the successful technical application of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites on the industrial scale. To circumvent the detrimental effect of the lower thermal stability of alkyl ammonium-treated montmorillonite, a series of alkyl-imidazolium molten salts were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetry (TGA) and thermal desorption mass spectroscopy (TDMS). The effect of counter ion, alkyl chain length and structural isomerism on the thermal stability of the imidazolium salts was investigated. Alkyl-imidazolium-treated montmorillonite clays were prepared by ion exchange of the imidazolium salts with Na-montmorillonite. These organically-modified clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), TDMS and thermogravimetry coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), and compared to the conventional quaternary alkyl ammonium montmorillonite. Results indicate that the counter ion has an effect on the thermal stability of the imidazolium salts, and that imidazolium salts with PF6−, N(SO2CF3)2− and BF4− anions are thermally more stable than the halide salts. A relationship was observed between the chain length of the alkyl group and the thermo-oxidative stability; as the chain length increased from propyl, butyl, decyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl to eicosyl, the stability decreased. The results also show that the imidazolium-treated montmorillonite has greater thermal stability compared to the imidazolium halide. Analysis of the decomposition products by FTIR provides an insight about the decomposition products which are water, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons. 相似文献
2.
The effect of the activation conditions of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts has been investigated in the hydrogenation of benzene and in the hydrogenolysis of ethane. Whatever the conditions of calcination or reduction, specific activities of all catalysts for benzene hydrogenation remain constant. On the other hand, for identical dispersities, the cacination in a wet argon flow increases the specific activity of platinum for hydrogenolysis of ethane, pointing out the role of wet pretreatment on defect building or on the faceting of supported metallic catalysts.
Pt/Al2O3 . , . , , . .相似文献
3.
Chevreux G Potier N Van Dorsselaer A Bahloul A Houdusse A Wells A Sweeney HL 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2005,16(8):1367-1376
Among the myosin superfamily, myosin VI differs from all others by a reverse directionality and a particular motility. Little structural information is available for myosin VI. It is known that it binds one calmodulin (CaM) by means of a single "IQ motif" and that myosin VI contains a specific insert located at the junction between the motor domain (MD) and the lever arm, likely to play a critical role for the unusual motility previously observed. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) was used to determine the CaM and Ca2+ stoichiometries in several myosin VI constructs. In particular, the experimental conditions required for the observation of multiprotein/Ca2+ noncovalent assemblies are detailed for two truncated MD constructs (less than 20 kDa) and for three full MD constructs (more than 90 KDa). The specificity of the detected stoichiometries is discussed for each construct and the resolving power of Time of Flight mass spectrometry is stressed, in particular for the detection of metal ions binding to high molecular weight complexes. MS reveals a new CaM binding site for myosin VI and highlights a different behavior for the five myosin VI constructs versus Ca2+ binding. In addition to these stoichiometry based experiments, gas-phase dissociation analyses on intact complexes are described. They reveal that Ca2+ transfer between protein partners occurs during the dissociation process for one construct with a full MD. Charge-transfer and dissociation behavior has allowed to draw structural assumptions for the interaction of the MD with the CaM N-terminal lobe. 相似文献
4.
5.
Synthesis,spectroscopic characterization,thermal behaviour,in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities of novel ruthenium tricarbonyl complexes containing monodentate V‐shaped Schiff bases
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The interaction of Ru3(CO)12 with a novel family of monodentate V‐shaped Schiff base ligands (L1–4; L1: (E)‐1‐(4‐((4‐bromobenzylidene)amino)phenyl)ethanone, L2: (E)‐1‐(3‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)phenyl)ethanone, L3: (E)‐1‐(4‐(4‐(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)phenyl)ethanone, L4: (E)‐1‐(3‐(3,4‐dimethoxybenzylideneamino)phenyl)ethanone) in air under atmospheric pressure afforded the novel complexes [Ru(CO)3(L1–4)2]. The parent ligands and their complexes were characterized using elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the structure of the representative ligand L1 was determined using single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The stereochemistry and theoretical optimization of the three‐dimensional geometry of the ligands and their complexes were justified. In vitro antimicrobial screening against bacterial stains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and fungus Candida albicans was conducted. Cytotoxicity of the compounds as anti‐tumour agents was evaluated against liver carcinoma (HepG2), breast carcinoma (MCF7) and colon carcinoma (HCT‐116) cell lines relative to cisplatin and doxorubicin. The complexes showed variable in vitro cytotoxic activities against the three studied cell lines, with IC50 values less than those of cis‐platin, and thus appear to be building blocks for promising anti‐tumour agents. 相似文献
6.
Walid Mabrouk Ridha Lafi Jean Franois Fauvarque Amor Hafiane Cyrille Sollogoub 《先进技术聚合物》2021,32(1):304-314
The purpose of this work is to study the desalination of brackish water using a new ion exchange membrane, made from sulfochlorated polyethersulfone (Cl‐PES), and crosslinked using aminated polyethersulfone (NH2‐PES) as a crosslinking reagent. This membrane, named ClNH2 membrane, has been obtained by reaction between Cl‐PES with 1.3 SO2Cl groups per monomer unit and 0.2 equivalent amount of NH2‐PES. ClNH2 membrane has been characterized in terms of contact angle, transport number, intrinsic conductivity, and water uptake (as a function of temperature). Electrodialysis performances of the newly synthetized membranes have been measured using an electrodialysis cell at a laboratory scale and compared to commercial membranes. All the experiments have been performed using synthetic brackish water solutions prepared from sodium chloride salts with different concentrations (varying from 0.5 to 5.0 g/L). The concentration of different water samples obtained has been found to be below the amount recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. 相似文献
7.
Youssef Walid Mohamed El Sheikh Ahmed Said Ahmed Sherien Hussien Morsy Ahmed Morsy Ahmed 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2020,324(1):87-96
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Polyacrylic acid/polyaniline composite (a three-dimensional cross-linked hydrophilic chelating polymeric sorbent) was improved for promoted... 相似文献
8.
9.
We study the adiabatic time evolution of quantum resonances over time scales which are small compared to the lifetime of the
resonances. We consider three typical examples of resonances: The first one is that of shape resonances corresponding, for
example, to the state of a quantum-mechanical particle in a potential well whose shape changes over time scales small compared
to the escape time of the particle from the well. Our approach to studying the adiabatic evolution of shape resonances is
based on a precise form of the time-energy uncertainty relation and the usual adiabatic theorem in quantum mechanics. The
second example concerns resonances that appear as isolated complex eigenvalues of spectrally deformed Hamiltonians, such as
those encountered in the N-body Stark effect. Our approach to study such resonances is based on the Balslev-Combes theory
of dilatation-analytic Hamiltonians and an adiabatic theorem for nonnormal generators of time evolution. Our third example
concerns resonances arising from eigenvalues embedded in the continuous spectrum when a perturbation is turned on, such as
those encountered when a small system is coupled to an infinitely extended, dispersive medium. Our approach to this class
of examples is based on an extension of adiabatic theorems without a spectral gap condition. We finally comment on resonance
crossings, which can be studied using the last approach. 相似文献
10.
Military course of action planning involves time and space synchronization as well as resource and asset allocation. A mission could be seen as a defined set of logical ordered tasks with time and space constraints. The resources to task rules require that available assets should be allocated to each task. A combination of assets might be required to execute a given task. The couple (task, resources) constitutes an action. This problem is formulated as a multi-objectives scheduling and resource allocation problem. Any solution is assessed based on a number of conflicting and heterogeneous objectives. In fact, military planning officers should keep perfecting the plan based on the Commander’s criteria for success. The scheduling problem and resource allocation problem are considered as NP-Hard Problems [A. Guitouni, B. Urli, J.-M. Martel, Course of action planning: A project based modelling, Working Paper, Faculté des sciences de l’ administration, Université Laval, Québec, 2005]. This paper is concerned with the multi-objectives resource allocation problem. Our objective is to find adequate resource allocation for given courses of action schedule. To optimize this problem, this paper investigates non-exact solution methods, like meta-heuristic methods for finding potential efficient solutions. A progressive resource allocation methodology is proposed based on Tabu Search and multi-objectives concepts. This technique explores the search space so as to find a set of potential efficient solutions without aggregating the objectives into a single objective function. It is guided by the principle of maximizing the usage of any resource before considering a replacement resource. Thus, a given resource is allocated to the maximum number of tasks for a given courses of action schedule. A good allocation is a potential efficient solution. These solutions are retained by applying a combination of a dominance rule and a multi-criteria filtering method. The performance of the proposed Pareto-based approach is compared to two aggregation approaches: weighted-sum and the lexicographic techniques. The result shows that a Pareto-based approach is providing better solutions and allowing more flexibility to the decision-maker. 相似文献