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Supported by a Heisenberg-scholarship of the DFG 相似文献
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The refined theory of the electroviscous lift forces is presented for the case when the separation distance between the particle and the wall is larger than the double-layer thickness. The theory is based on the lubrication approximation for motion of a long cylinder near a solid wall in creeping flow. The approximate analytical formula for the lift force valid for Pe=1 is derived and compared with the results of numerical calculations performed for an arbitrary Peclet number. The resulting electrokinetic lift force exceeds by several orders of magnitude one predicted by the previously developed theories of the lift force. The results for the electroviscous drag force indicate that when the double layer is thin compared with the particle size, the electroviscous drag is only a small correction (at most 10%) to the hydrodynamic drag force acting on a neutral particle moving near the wall. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
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Kulikov R. N. Kostenko E. V. Kuznetsova M. A. Novopashina D. S. Chernonosov A. A. Vorob"ev P. E. Ven"yaminova A. G. Zenkova M. A. Vlassov V. V. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2003,52(1):247-257
The site-specific modification of the 5"-terminal fragment of PGY1/MDR1 mRNA by oligodeoxyribonucleotide conjugates bearing residues of bleomycin A5 (Blm), cobalt(ii) tetracarboxyphthalocyanine (Phcn), 4-[N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methylamino]benzylamine (RCl), or perfluoroarylazide (Az) was studied. Conjugates of oligonucleotides complementary to the RNA sequences 123—138 and 155—166 selectively modify RNA in the vicinity of these regions. The highest efficacy (up to 50%) was achieved in reactions with alkylating and perfluoroarylazide conjugates of oligonucleotides. Conjugates of perfluoroarylazide with 2"-O-modified oligonucleotides are much more efficient than analogous conjugates with oligodeoxyribonucleotides (extents of RNA modification are 40—50% and 20%, respectively). 相似文献
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Alex B. Scholten Jan W. de Haan Hans-Gerd Janssen Leo J. M. van de Ven Carel A. Cramers 《Journal of separation science》1997,20(1):17-23
Retention gape deactivated with Silicone OV-1701-OH show good chromatographic performance and remarkable stability against water induced stationary phase degradrdation. In an attempt to better understand the findamentals off the deactivation process using silanol terminated polysiloxanes, a fumed silica was deactivated with Silicon OV-1701-OH. In contrast to fused silic capillaries, fumed silica (Aerosil A-200) can be studied by 29Si cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning (CPMAS) NMR, thus serving as a model substrate for fused silica. Retention data from inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilurion and 29Si CP MAS NMR data of five Aerosil phases, differing in residual silanol surface concentration, are correlated with the aim of validating this approach for stationary phase characterization. A comparatively detailed model of the deactivating polymer layer that explains the observed absorption activities is deduced. Surface silanols are shown to play a key role in the polymer layer, the structure of which is of primary importance for the absorption behavior after deactivation. Contrary to common belief, the absolute silanol surface concentration after deativation is only of secondary importance for the overall absorption activity. High silanol surface concentrations enhance degradation of the polysiloxane chains into small cyclic fragments as well as subsequent absorption and immobolization to the silica substrate surface. The mobility of linear polysiloxane chains in the kHz regime (as determined bby NMR cross-polarization dynamics) appears to determine the extent which the residual silanols are accessible for analytes. It is therefore anticipated that there is an optimum silanol surface concentration of fused silica surfaces to be deactivated with silanol terminated polysiloxanes; it should be lazrge enough to adsord polymer fragments, but not large to avoid excessive residual silanol activity. 相似文献
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The design, assembly and operation of a home-made thermal desorption unit is described. A special effort was made to obtain a system which does not require a substantial modification of the standard split/splitless inlet port of the gas chromatograph. As a consequence, a change-over to the split/splitless analysis of liquid samples can be done quickly and easily, thereby improving the cost-effectiveness of analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Its analytical performance is shown to be adequate for both identification and determination of trace components. 相似文献
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On-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
On-line coupled liquid chromatography–gas chromatography (LC–GC) is a powerful technique that combines the best features of LC and GC and is ideal for the analysis of complex samples. This review describes the unique features of on-line coupled LC–GC. The different interfaces and evaporation techniques are presented, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Guidelines are given for selecting a suitable LC–GC technique and representative applications are noted. 相似文献
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Ligand substitution of the mixed-metal clusters FeRu2(CO)12 and Fe2Ru(CO)12 with triphenylphosphine and trimethylphosphite has been studied. Mono- and di-substituted derivatives have been synthesized and characterized structurally. The following crystal and molecular structures are reported: Fe2Ru(CO)11PPh3: triclinic, space group P, a 9.203(2), b 11.903(3), c 15.117(4) Å, α 81.54(2), β 87.28(2), γ 66.72(2)°, Z = 2; Fe2Ru(CO)11P(OMe)3: orthorhombic, space group Pna21, a 17.220(5), b 14.572(4), c 8.708(6) Å, Z = 4, FeRu2(CO)11PPh3: monoclinic, space group P21/n, a 11.435(3), b 16.034(5), c 16.642(4) Å, β 93.35(2)°, Z = 4; FeRu2(CO)10(PPh3)2: orthorhombic, space group Pccm, a 14.854(4), b 17.180(7), c 16.786(12) Å, Z = 4.Ligand substitution is found to occur preferentially at the ruthenium centers of the FeRu2 and Fe2Ru clusters. Monosubstitution causes expansion of both of the clusters while the overall geometry is practically unchanged. Disubstitution of FeRu2(CO)12 causes contraction of the cluster and leads to a formation of carbonyl bridges. The structural trends have been interpreted in terms of electronic and packing effects of ligand substitution. The X-ray structures of Fe2Ru(CO)12 and FeRu2(CO)12 are not known; the ligand substitution studies indicate that Fe2Ru(CO)12 has the same structure as Fe3(CO)12, and that FeRu3(CO)12 does not have a Ru3(CO)12 structure as postulated previously from the IR studies. 相似文献
10.
Jana Porubsk Bob Alince Theo G. M. van de Ven 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2002,210(2-3):223-230
The effects of cationic polyethylenimine (PEI) on the colloidal stability of anionic fines (microcrystalline cellulose or thermomechanical fines), fillers (clay) and their mixtures in deionized and tap water were investigated, using a photometric dispersion analyzer. Measurements confirmed that PEI flocculates all used materials by charge neutralization. As expected, higher additions of PEI lead to electrostatic stabilization of microcellulose and clay suspensions, but it was not possible to stabilize the suspension of fines using high additions of PEI. This is ascribed to the mechanical entanglements of fibrillar fines. In tap water, much more PEI is needed to reach optimum flocculation conditions than in deionized water. Heteroflocculation between PEI-coated clay and fines takes place with a rate which, for high fines concentration and a constant clay concentration, is independent of fines concentration. A theoretical model for the heteroflocculation of fines with PEI-coated clay has been developed, which explains the observed trends. In essence, clay particles can act as bridging agents for fines flocculation. 相似文献