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Determination of Heavy Metals in Soils, Sediments and Geological Materials by ICP-AES and ICP-MS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sixteen soil and sedimentary geological reference materials were analysed for As and the heavy metals Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni,
Pb and Zn by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS) in combination with total and partial dissolution of the samples. It can be demonstrated that none of the modern
ICP methods is completely free from analytical problems. This applies in particular when the concentrations are close to the
detection limits (e.g. in ICP-AES) and is mainly due to the wide variation in the bulk composition of soils resulting in complex
matrix effects (e.g. in ICP-MS). In order to determine the extent of soil pollution by heavy metals, both partial and total
dissolution have to be performed prior to analysis. 相似文献
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Klaus-Michael Ochsenkühn Theopisti Lyberopoulou G. Koumarianou Maria Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou 《Mikrochimica acta》2008,160(4):485-492
In the time period from June 2005 to May 2006 in 42 sampling campaigns 84 filter samples of airborne particulate matter, coarse
(PM10–2.5) and fine (PM2.5), were collected using a Gent stacked filter unit in the coastal industrial area of Aspropyrgos in Attica, Greece. The average
PM10 (PM10–2.5 + PM2.5) concentration was found to be 66 μg · m−3, exceeding more than 1.6 times the annual limit of 40 μg · m−3. The samples were analysed for Cl−, NO3
−, SO4
2−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and NH4
+ using ion chromatography. The data were compared with results obtained with other spectrometric methods, such as inductively
coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and reflectometry.
The determined average ionic content comprised about 44% of the PM10 mass. The ionic composition, as well as the possible matrix compounds in both fractions were evaluated by dividing the sampling
period into summer and winter season. In the PM10–2.5/PM2.5 fraction in summer time the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3
− were enriched in the coarse fraction. In winter time all species were enriched in the coarse fraction, especially Ca2+, Cl− and NO3
−. NH4
+ was constantly higher in the fine fraction in summer as well as in winter time. Factor analysis was applied to obtain correlations
between cations and anions leading to matrix compounds in both fractions. From the evaluation of the results obtained, some
of the local air pollution sources could be identified.
Correspondence: Klaus-Michael Ochsenkühn, Laboratory for Trace Element Studies, Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”,
Aghia Paraskevi 15310, Athens, Greece 相似文献
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