Magnesium substitution in Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3

Magnesium substitution in Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ has been studied by neutron powder diffraction. Polycrystalline samples of nominal compositions Nd_0.7Sr_0.3Mn_1−yMg_yO₃ with y=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 were synthesized by the standard solid-state reaction method. Rietveld refinements of the neutron powder diffraction data showed that all samples had distorted perovskite structure of orthorhombic symmetry. Mg initially preferred to substitute for Nd and only at Mg concentration greater than 0.1, a substantial substitution for Mn occurred. Our study also showed that Mg-substitution did not change the crystal structure of Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃.     

Narrow band quantitative and multivariate electroencephalogram analysis of peri-adolescent period

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The peri-adolescent period is a crucial developmental moment of transition from childhood to emergent adulthood. The present report analyses the differences in Power Spectrum (PS) of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) between late childhood (24 children between 8 and 13 years old) and young adulthood (24 young adults between 18 and 23 years old). RESULTS: The narrow band analysis of the Electroencephalogram was computed in the frequency range of 0--20 Hz. The analysis of mean and variance suggested that six frequency ranges presented a different rate of maturation at these ages, namely: low delta, delta-theta, low alpha, high alpha, low beta and high beta. For most of these bands the maturation seems to occur later in anterior sites than posterior sites. Correlational analysis showed a lower pattern of correlation between different frequencies in children than in young adults, suggesting a certain asynchrony in the maturation of different rhythms. The topographical analysis revealed similar topographies of the different rhythms in children and young adults. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated the same internal structure for the Electroencephalogram of both age groups. Principal Component Analysis allowed to separate four subcomponents in the alpha range. All these subcomponents peaked at a lower frequency in children than in young adults. CONCLUSIONS: The present approaches complement and solve some of the incertitudes when the classical brain broad rhythm analysis is applied. Children have a higher absolute power than young adults for frequency ranges between 0-20 Hz, the correlation of Power Spectrum (PS) with age and the variance age comparison showed that there are six ranges of frequencies that can distinguish the level of EEG maturation in children and adults. The establishment of maturational order of different frequencies and its possible maturational interdependence would require a complete series including all the different ages.     

Dissociations of Complexes Between Monovalent Metal Ions and Aromatic Amino Acid or Histidine

The fragmentations of [AA + M]⁺ complexes, where AA = Phe, Tyr, Trp, or His, and M is a monovalent metal (Li, Na, or Ag), have been exhaustively studied through collision-induced dissociation (CID) and through deuterium labeling. Dissociations of the Li- and Ag-containing complexes gave a large number of fragment ions; by contrast, the sodium/amino acid complexes have lower binding energies, and dissociation resulted in much simpler spectra, with loss of the entire ligand dominating. Unambiguous assignments of these fragment ions were made and formation mechanisms are proposed. Of particular interest are fragmentations in which the charge was retained on the organic fragment and the metal was lost, either as a metal hydride (AgH) or hydroxide (LiOH) or as the silver atom (Ag^?).

Cyclization of 4,5‐Diamino Pyrazole Derivatives and Their Antibacterial Activities

A convenient synthesis of intermediate 4,5‐diamino‐3‐aryl‐1‐phenylpyrazoles 4a – 4c was reported. The different cyclization reactions were carried out with chalcone, 2‐mercaptoacetic acid and p‐anisialdehyde, ethyl chloroformate, glyoxal and thiourea to afford different N and S containing heterocycles. The reaction conditions were compared by conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The structures of the cyclization products were determined by analytical and spectroscopic data. All the synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial activities in vitro.     

Crystal and molecular structure of five coordinate copper(II) complex with 2,6-bis[1-(methoxycarbonylmethyl–hydrazono)ethyl] pyridine

The title compound was obtained by a template synthesis from 2,6-diacetylpyridine, ethylhydrazinoacetate and CuCl₂·2H₂O (molar ratio 1:2:1, in methanol), and its structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction: monoclinic space group P2₁/c, a = 13.906(5), b = 18.199(6), c = 16.641(6) Å, = 107.18(3)°, and z = 4. The ligand was found to be tridentate in a trigonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry with two chloride ligands. There are two independent complex molecules, one of which is hydrogen bonded to the water of crystallization.     

Synthesis of Polyfunctionally Substituted Fused Pyrimidine Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

A variety of pyrimidine derivatives 2—4 and annulated pyrimidine derivatives 5—17 have been synthesized via a sequence of heterocyclization reaction of readily available 6-naphthyl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroprimi-     

A unified scheme for the calculation of differentiated and undifferentiated molecular integrals over solid-harmonic Gaussians

Utilizing the fact that solid-harmonic combinations of Cartesian and Hermite Gaussian atomic orbitals are identical, a new scheme for the evaluation of molecular integrals over solid-harmonic atomic orbitals is presented, where the integration is carried out over Hermite rather than Cartesian atomic orbitals. Since Hermite Gaussians are defined as derivatives of spherical Gaussians, the corresponding molecular integrals become the derivatives of integrals over spherical Gaussians, whose transformation to the solid-harmonic basis is performed in the same manner as for integrals over Cartesian Gaussians, using the same expansion coefficients. The presented solid-harmonic Hermite scheme simplifies the evaluation of derivative molecular integrals, since differentiation by nuclear coordinates merely increments the Hermite quantum numbers, thereby providing a unified scheme for undifferentiated and differentiated four-center molecular integrals. For two- and three-center two-electron integrals, the solid-harmonic Hermite scheme is particularly efficient, significantly reducing the cost relative to the Cartesian scheme.     

Synthesis and characterization of triphenylmethylphosphonium transition metal salts

Triphenylmethylphosphonium salts, [PPh3Me]aMXn (M=Cu2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+ Fe3+ Pb2+ and Hg2+; X=Cl or I; a=1 or 2 and n=3 or 4) prepared by reacting PPh3MeX with the metal dihalide in EtOH sol-utions, have been characterized by electronic, Raman, far i.r. and Mo¨ssbaur spectra and by their magnetic properties as well as by elemental analyses. The copper complexes [PPh3Me]2CuCl4 and [PPh3Me]2Cu3Cl8 were characterized by X-ray crystallography and the structures are described. Powder diffraction patterns have shown that the cobalt and manganese tetrachloride complexes are isomorphous. Investigation by d.s.c. measurements showed that the complexes exhibit structural phase transitions.