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1.
Tetraoctylammonium cation forms a room-temperature molten salt (RTMS) with 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate anion. The RTMS is immiscible with water (W) and forms a stable RTMS/W interface. It has been shown that the RTMS/W interface can be electrochemically polarized. A well-defined voltammetric wave due to the transfer of thiocyanate ion across the RTMS/W interface was observed within the potential window. This is the first example of a polarized RTMS/W interface. 相似文献
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Kohji Masaki Shin-ichi Ohkawara Tomohiro Hirano Makiko Seno Tsuneyuki Sato 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(17):4437-4447
The crosslinking reaction of 1,2-polybutadiene (1,2-PB) with dicumyl peroxide (DCPO) in dioxane was kinetically studied by means of Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FTNIR). The crosslinking reaction was followed in situ by the monitoring of the disappearance of the pendant vinyl group of 1,2-PB with FTNIR. The initial disappearance rate (R0) of the vinyl group was expressed by R0 = k[DCPO]0.8[vinyl group]−0.2 (120 °C). The overall activation energy of the reaction was estimated to be 38.3 kcal/mol. The unusual rate equation was explained in terms of the polymerization of the pendant vinyl group as an allyl monomer involving degradative chain transfer to the monomer. The reaction mixture involved electron spin resonance (ESR)-observable polymer radicals, of which the concentration rapidly increased with time owing to a progress of crosslinking after an induction period of 200 min. The crosslinking reaction of 1,2-PB with DCPO was also examined in the presence of vinyl acetate (VAc), which was regarded as a copolymerization of the vinyl group with VAc. The vinyl group of 1,2-PB was found to show a reactivity much higher than 1-octene and 3-methyl-1-hexene as model compounds in the copolymerization with VAc. This unexpectedly high reactivity of the vinyl group suggested that an intramolecular polymerization process proceeds between the pendant vinyl groups located on the same polymer chain, possibly leading to the formation of block-like polymer. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 4437–4447, 2004 相似文献
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Hiroyasu Nishiguchi Hiroshi Yamada Masaru Ogura Tatsumi Ishihara Yusaku Takita 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2003,29(7-9):755-760
The oxygen storage capacity of CeO2, Ce0.9Pr0.1O2, Pt?Rh/CeO2 and Pt?Rh/Ce0.9Pr0.1O2 was investigated by conventional GC pulse method and transient pulse techniques. It is shown that incorporation of PrOy into CeO2 matrix strongly promotes oxygen storage capacity (OSC) measured using the transient pulse technique. The improvement of OSC at low temperature is observed in Pt?Rh loaded onto CeO2 and Ce?Pr catalysts. 相似文献
6.
P. Periasamy K. Tatsumi N. Kalaiselvi M. Shikano T. Fiyieda Y. Saito T. Sakai M. Mizukata A. Kajinami S. Deki 《Ionics》2002,8(5-6):453-460
A series of gel polymer electrolytes containing PVdF as homo polymer, a mixture of 1:1 Ethylene Carbonate (EC) : Propylene
Carbonate (PC) as plasticizer and lithium-bistrifluoromethane sulphone imide [imide — LiN (CF3SO2)2] has been developed. Amounts of polymer (PVdF), plasticizer and the imide lithium salt have been varied as a function of
their weight ratio composition in this regard. Dimensionally stable films possessing appreciable room temperature conductivity
values have been obtained with respect to certain weight ratio compositions. However, conductivity data have been recorded
at different possible temperatures, i.e., from 20 °C to 65 °C. XRD and DSC studies were carried out to characterize the polymer
films for better amorphicity and reduced glass transition temperature, respectively. The electrochemical interface stability
of the PVdF based gel polymer electrolytes over a range of storage period (24 h – 10 days) have been investigated using A.C.
impedance studies. Test cells containing Li/gel polymer electrolyte (GPE)/Li have been subjected to undergo 50 charge-discharge
cycles in order to understand the electrochemical performance behaviour of the dimensionally stable films of superior conductivity.
The observed capacity fade of less than 20% even after 50 cycles is in favour of the electrochemical stability of the gel
polymer electrolyte containing 27.5% PVdF −67.5 % EC+PC −5% imide salt. Cyclic voltammetry studies establish the possibility
of a reversible intercalation — deintercalation process involving Li+ ions through the gel polymer electrolyte. 相似文献
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Kimio Asaka Yoshihito Hirano Kenji Tatsumi Kumio Kasahara Toru Tajime 《Optical Review》1998,5(5):310-314
We propose a new detection method for a pseudo-random frequency modulation continuous wave (RM-CW) coherent lidar. The feature of this method is modulation of local beam with a time delayed pseudo-random sequence. Heterodyne detection and correlation detection between the received beam and the local beam are simultaneously carried out in an optical field. In the RM-CW coherent lidar using the optical field correlation detection method, the received equipment is greatly simplified. We carried out preliminary experiments and demonstrated that the new method is effective for detection of a CW coherent lidar. 相似文献
9.
Makoto Kume Atsunori Hirano Bungo Ochiai Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(11):3666-3673
A spiro orthoester with an exomethylene group (exoSOE) was radically copolymerized with acrylonitrile or vinyl acetate at several feed ratios to obtain the corresponding copolymers having spiro orthoester moieties in the side chain. The obtained copolymers could be crosslinked via the double ring‐opening polymerization of the spiro orthoester moieties in their side chain by a treatment with BF3OEt2. The volume changes upon the crosslinking of the copolymers were evaluated by density measurements with a micromeritics gas pycnometer. The copolymers experienced less than 1% volume expansion instead of volume shrinkage during typical cationic crosslinking, regardless of the copolymer compositions. Negligible shrinkage was observed during the thermal cationic crosslinking of a film cast from a nitrobenzene solution of the copolymers containing a benzylthiophenium salt as a thermally latent cationic initiator. The constantly low volume changes during the crosslinking of the copolymers from exoSOE probably depended on the almost zero volume change during the cationic polymerizations of spiro orthoester derivatives. This indicates that exoSOE is an effective monomer for crosslinkable polymers without volume changes. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3666–3673, 2006 相似文献
10.
Separation of fulvic acid from soil extracts based on ion-pair formation with a cationic surfactant.
Masami Fukushima Atsunori Kikuchi Kenji Tatsumi Fumiko Tanaka 《Analytical sciences》2006,22(2):229-233
A novel method for separating fulvic acid (FA) from soil extracts is proposed. The FA, defined as the acid-soluble fraction of an alkaline extract of soil, was separated based on the precipitation of an ion-pair with a cationic surfactant, such as domiphen bromide. The precipitate was dissolved in aqueous HCl to produce H+ -type FA and a surfactant chloride (SUR-Cl). SUR-Cl, in the aqueous solution, was removed by extraction with CHCl3. After the aqueous phase was passed through a cation-exchanger (H+ -type), H+ -type FA (FA-SUR) was obtained as a powder by lyophylization. The chemical characteristics of FA-SUR were compared with an FA sample separated according to the method of the International Humic Substances Society using a DAX-8 resin (FA-DAX). The oxygen content, O/C atomic ratio and total acidity of the FA-SUR were significantly larger than the corresponding values for FA-DAX. The solid-state CPMS 13C NMR spectra indicated that the higher oxygen content of the FA-SUR could be due to alcoholic hydroxyl groups and polysaccharides as well as carboxylic groups. These results show that FA-SUR is more polar and hydrophilic than FA-DAX. 相似文献