Lie superalgebraic approach to super Toda lattice and generalized super KdV equations

We propose a super Lax type equation based on a certain class of Lie superalgebra as a supersymmetric extension of generalized (modified) KdV hierarchy. We are able to construct an infinite set of conservation laws and the consistent time evolution generators for generalized modified super KdV equations. Thefirst few of the conserved currents, the (modified) super KdV equation and the super Miura transformation are worked out explicitly in the case of twisted affine Lie superalgebraOSp(2/2)⁽²⁾.Partially supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (#01540246 and #01790203).RIFP will be known as Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics from June 8, 1990     

Reconstruction of the Point-Spread Function of the Human Eye Using a New Phase-Retrieval Algorithm

The double-pass method is thought to obtain the point spread function (PSF) in human eyes based on two techniques: the symmetric double-pass method using the same pupil size and the asymmetric double-pass method using a different pupil size. The symmetric double-pass method provides autocorrelation of the retinal PSF and, thus, the modulation transfer function. The asymmetric double-pass method provides low-frequency partial-phase information and the partial phase-retrieval algorithm is applied to obtain the complete-phase information, and to estimate the PSF. The partial phase-retrieval algorithm is based on the iteration method proposed by Fineup and Kowalczyk and requires a lengthy computation. In this study, we propose a new high-speed phase-retrieval algorithm based on the property that the real and imaginary parts of optical transfer functions (OTFs) continuously change in value.     

WIDE RANGE DETECTOR USING PARABOLIC CYLINDRICAL MIRROR FOR THz APPLICATIONS

A new, wide-band, high-speed and high-sensitivity THz detector has been developed. The prototype detector consists of a parabolic cylindrical mirror, a long wire antenna and a Schottky barrier diode. Direct detection measurements have shown a stable sensitivity of 150 ± 50 V/W for 1–2 THz without any adjustments. The long wire antenna was fixed at the focus of parabolic cylindrical mirror then it has been realized less operation steps, easy coupling to the external THz signals and a dramatic enhancement in the practicality of this system. The optically polished mirror and frosted surface one showed comparable sensitivities, thus easy polishing and less cost mirror fabrication can be applied for this system. The radiation pattern showed a maximum radiation angle of approximately 23° with its dominant main lobe, which was attributed to the wire antenna character and confirmed good agreements with classical antenna theory.     

Effect of the pore surface modification of an inorganic substrate on the plasma‐grafting behavior of pore‐filling‐type organic/inorganic composite membranes

We have investigated the effect of the surface state and surface treatment of the pores of an inorganic substrate on the plasma‐grafting behavior of pore‐filling‐type organic/inorganic composite membranes. Shirasu porous glass (SPG) was used as the inorganic substrate, and methyl acrylate was used as the grafting monomer. The grafting rate increased as the density of silanol on the SPG substrate increased. This result suggests that radicals are generated mainly at the silanol groups on the pore surface by plasma irradiation. The SPG substrates were treated with silane coupling agents used to control the mass of organic material bonded to the pore surface. The thickness of the grafted layer became thinner as the mass of organic material bonded to the pore surface of SPG increased. This decrease in the thickness of the grafted layer could be explained by the decrease in the penetration depth of vacuum ultraviolet rays contained in plasma having a wavelength of less than 160 nm that generated radicals in the pores of the substrate. The thickness of the grafted layer inside the SPG substrates could be controlled through the control of the mass of organic material bonded to the pore surface of the SPG substrate. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 846–856, 2006     

Sonochemistry and its dosimetry

The effects of ultrasound originate primarily in acoustic cavitation. The cavitation bubbles collapse violently enough to lead to interesting chemical effects, known as sonochemistry. There is a great need to relate the efficiency of sonochemical reaction to the energy of ultrasonic irradiation used to produce them. In this paper, three OH radical dosimeters, Fricke dosimeter, terephthalate dosimeter, and iodide dosimeter, are compared from the analytical point of view. The dosimeters based on photometry, i.e., Fricke and iodide, produced reliable and reproducible results, but the sensitivity is not enough for special applications, such as chemical monitoring of single bubble cavitation. The dosimeter based on fluorometry, terephthalate dosimeter, offered high sensitivity, 1.2×10¹¹ molecules ml⁻¹. The effects of some experimental parameters in sonochemistry, i.e., solution temperature and the dissolved gas species, were evaluated with the dosimeters.     

Lewis acid promoted reactions of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species with various carbonyl compounds

The reactions of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species with carbonyl compounds in the presence of Lewis acid are reported. The reactivity of γ,γ-dialkoxyallylic zirconium species and reaction pathway were strongly dependent on the structure and electrostatic nature of the carbonyl compounds.     

One-step synthesis of 4-aminodihydrobenzofurans and 4-hydroxyindoles via dehydrogenation-heteromercuration of 2-alyl-3-aminocyclohexenones using mercury(II) acetate

On treatment of the 2-allyl-3-aminocyclohexenones with mercury(II) acetate, either sequence, dehydrogenation—oxymercuration or dehydrogenation—aminomercuration, occurred depending on the nature of the amino group in the substrate to yield the dihydrobenzofurans or indoles, respectively.     

Adsorption characteristics of bisphenol A onto carbonaceous materials produced from wood chips as organic waste

A single-chain amphiphile containing a rigid Schiff base segment, 3-cyano-N-benzylidene hexadecylamine (CNBHB) in the polar head group was synthesized and studied for its vesicle-forming properties. The dependence of the aggregation behavior of the vesicles as such and in the presence of manganese ions were studied as a function of temperature using differential scanning calorimetry and turbidity measurements. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the morphology of the vesicles, showed interesting features with fusion of regular structures, and were quite stable. In the presence of manganese ions, fusion of vesicles takes place. This could be due to the metal ions that are bound to the surface of the vesicles that cause a partial destruction of the hydration shell on the surface of the vesicles. The reduction in the hydration force could thus be responsible for the fusion.