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1.
M. Tufail M. Asghar M. Akram Sabiha Javied K. Khan S. A. Mujahid 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2013,298(2):1085-1096
Natural radioactivity in the environment may change with time due to human activities, chemical and biological changes. From the view of radiation risk to population, the knowledge of natural radioactivity levels and the measurement of collective radiation dose received by the population is very vital. Radiological constraints on soil of thickly populated Peshawar basin in northern Pakistan were assessed through radiometric assay. Soil samples collected from different locations of four districts of this basin were analysed using an HPGe gamma spectrometer. Activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th in these samples was 648 ± 121 (421–996), 45 ± 7 (32–60) and 59 ± 7 (46–72) Bq kg?1, respectively that followed lognormal distribution. The average concentrations of primordial radionuclides were found to be higher than that reported for the worldwide soil. Radium equivalent activity and gamma index derived from these activity concentrations were lesser than their respective limits. The average absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose for both indoor and outdoor cases were found to be higher than the values given in the UNSCEAR 2000 report. The results of the present study were compared with those for other locations of Pakistan along with that for the world. The radiological impact of the measured data was evaluated using hazard assessment models. A thoughtful discussion of the above mentioned evaluation is also given. 相似文献
2.
Six fish species-Cirrhinus mrigala (Morakhi), Labeo rohita (Danbhro), Catla catla (Thalli), Wallago attu (Jarko), Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass), and Cyprimus carpio (Gulfam)--commonly found in the Pakistani Indus river, were selected for fat and cholesterol evaluation. Fat content was quantified by the Folch method and cholesterol content was determined by a simple GC method. The application of the proposed method to quantify cholesterol content revealed variations among the six breeds evaluated. The breeds studied contained 0.80-1.95% fat, indicating that all investigated fishes were lean; significant variation was found in cholesterol content, and ranged between 72 and 392 mg/100 g. Standard addition analyses showed that the method was accurate, as the recovery of cholesterol varied from 95 to 103%, with a coefficient of variance not more than 5.6%. The results showed that, after the development of suitable calibration, within 11 min, the cholesterol could be accurately determined by GC. 相似文献
3.
D. Molzahn M. Tufail P. Patzelt 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1990,145(2):135-141
Radioactivity in Turkish tea of the 1986 crops was measured. Doses were calculated for persons drinking customarily tea. 相似文献
4.
Muhammad Khurram Tufail Adeel Ahmed Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Asif Nawaz Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah Manzar Sohail Muhammad Sufyan Javed Tayyaba Najam Raed H. Althomali Mohammed M. Rahman 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2024,24(1):e202300155
In recent years, flexible and wearable electronics such as smart cards, smart fabrics, bio-sensors, soft robotics, and internet-linked electronics have impacted our lives. In order to meet the requirements of more flexible and adaptable paradigm shifts, wearable products may need to be seamlessly integrated. A great deal of effort has been made in the last two decades to develop flexible lithium-ion batteries (FLIBs). The selection of suitable flexible materials is important for the development of flexible electrolytes self-supported and supported electrodes. This review is focused on the critical discussion of the factors that evaluate the flexibility of the materials and their potential path toward achieving the FLIBs. Following this analysis, we present how to evaluate the flexibility of the battery materials and FLIBs. We describe the chemistry of carbon-based materials, covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and MXene-based materials and their flexible cell design that represented excellent electrochemical performances during bending. Furthermore, the application of state-of-the-art solid polymer and solid electrolytes to accelerate the development of FLIBs is introduced. Analyzing the contributions and developments of different countries has also been highlighted in the past decade. In addition, the prospects and potential of flexible materials and their engineering are also discussed, providing the roadmap for further developments in this fast-evolving field of FLIB research. 相似文献
5.
Jabbar A Tufail M Arshed W Bhatti AS Ahmad SS Akhter P Dilband M 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2010,46(4):495-505
In Rechna Doab, samples of the most common vegetation, perennial grass Desmostachya bipinnata (dab), were collected along with soil samples from 29 sites. Natural radioactivity of 22?Ra, 232Th/22?Ac and ??K was measured by using high purity germanium-based gamma ray spectrometer. Activity concentration levels of 22?Ra, 232Th/22?Ac and ??K in soil were found to be 46.8 ± 6.2 (36.0-57.6), 61.4 ± 5.9 (48.2-73.2) and 644.8 ± 73.9 (537.7-868.4) Bq kg?1 (dry mass), respectively, and those in vegetation were 2.74 ± 1.70 (1.00-6.39), 2.24 ± 0.59 (1.56-2.61) and 172.72±113.37 (53.14-469.24) Bq kg?1 (dry mass), respectively. The measured values of the activity concentration in vegetation are comparable with some other international data. Calculated soil to vegetation transfer factors of 22?Ra, 22?Ac and ??K were 0.06 ± 0.03 (0.02-0.14), 0.04 ± 0.01 (0.03-0.04) and 0.26 ± 0.16 (0.09-0.69). The mean outdoor absorbed dose rate in air for the area under study was determined as 8.22 nGy h?1 and the mean indoor absorbed dose rate in air was 11.52 nGy h?1. The total annual effective dose to the general public from the vegetation was found to be (0.02-0.16) mSv, which is below the recommended limit value of 1 mSv y?1 for the general public. The dab vegetation under study was found to be radiologically safe for the population and environment. 相似文献
6.
C.-D. Zhao G. Haase M. Heck M. Tufail P. Vater H. A. Khan 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(6):296-299
222Rn dissolved in drilling fluids of the KTB (Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) pilot hole has been determined using solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) technique:The α-sensitive SSNTD CR-39 was used to measure the a-activity of 222Rn. Well-defined conditions for Rn-measurements could be established by employing a mica nuclear track microfilter to separate the detector containing air volume from the volume containing the water. This technique has been applied to determine quantitatively the 222 Rn-concentration as a function of depth of the borehole down to 4000 m. 相似文献
7.
Abdul Jabbar Muhammad Tufail Waheed Arshed Arshed Salem Bhatti Syed Salman Ahmad Perveen Akhter 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(4):495-505
In Rechna Doab, samples of the most common vegetation, perennial grass Desmostachya bipinnata (dab), were collected along with soil samples from 29 sites. Natural radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th/228Ac and 40K was measured by using high purity germanium-based gamma ray spectrometer. Activity concentration levels of 226Ra, 232Th/228Ac and 40K in soil were found to be 46.8±6.2 (36.0–57.6), 61.4±5.9 (48.2–73.2) and 644.8±73.9 (537.7–868.4) Bq kg?1 (dry mass), respectively, and those in vegetation were 2.74±1.70 (1.00–6.39), 2.24±0.59 (1.56–2.61) and 172.72±113.37 (53.14–469.24) Bq kg?1 (dry mass), respectively. The measured values of the activity concentration in vegetation are comparable with some other international data. Calculated soil to vegetation transfer factors of 226Ra, 228Ac and 40K were 0.06±0.03 (0.02–0.14), 0.04±0.01 (0.03–0.04) and 0.26±0.16 (0.09–0.69). The mean outdoor absorbed dose rate in air for the area under study was determined as 8.22 nGy h?1 and the mean indoor absorbed dose rate in air was 11.52 nGy h?1. The total annual effective dose to the general public from the vegetation was found to be (0.02–0.16) mSv, which is below the recommended limit value of 1 mSv y?1 for the general public. The dab vegetation under study was found to be radiologically safe for the population and environment. 相似文献
8.
Siddiqui Samia Nafady Ayman El-Sagher Hussein M. Al-Saeedi Sameerah I. Alsalme Ali M. Sirajuddin Talpur Farah N. Sherazi Syed Tufail H. Kalhoro Muhammad S. Shah Muhammad R. Shaikh Tayyaba Arain Munazza Bhargava Suresh K. 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2019,23(7):2073-2083
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) have received considerable attention due to their distinctive properties when compared to the corresponding monometallic... 相似文献
9.
Glutaric Acid Assisted Fabrication of CuO Nanostructures and their Application in Development of Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor System for Carbamates
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Razium Ali Soomro Keith Richard Hallam Zafar Hussain Ibupoto Aneela Tahira Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi Siraj Juddin Sana Jawaid Magnus Willander 《Electroanalysis》2016,28(7):1634-1640
This work describes the fabrication of unique arrow head shaped CuO nanostructures using simple hydrothermal treatment method. The highly attractive features were obtained by the application of glutaric acid utilised simultaneous as template and functionalising agent. The functionalised nanostructures were known to possess excellent potential towards the electro‐catalytic oxidation of carbofuran pesticide. The generated intense electrochemical signal with lower potential value enabled sensitive and selective determination of carbofuran up to 1×10?3 µM with wide sensing window in range of 0.01 to 0.16 µM. The feasibility of the developed sensor system for the practical application was also studied by testing its potential in real sample extracts of various vegetables. The excellent recoveries demonstrated the analytical robustness of the developed sensor system. The sensor system utilises a new and simple approach towards sensitive determination of toxic pesticides reflecting its wide spectrum application in various fields. 相似文献
10.
Jyoti Tiwari Swastika Singh Mohammad Saquib Fatima Tufail Amit Kumar Sharma Shailesh Singh 《合成通讯》2018,48(2):188-196
The discovery of a new L-valine promoted facile and versatile green synthesis of diversified 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyrans using a one pot multicomponent-tandem reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and diverse electron-rich enolizable carbonyl compounds is described. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the use of native L-valine as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Environmental friendly, mild reaction conditions, use of easily available inexpensive starting materials, short reaction time, excellent yields, high atom economy, and recyclability of organocatalyst are the major advantages of the disclosed protocol. 相似文献