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A series of six new, highly soluble N,N'-dialkylated isoindigo derivatives bearing different electron donating thiophene units at the 6,6'-positions were synthesized by Stille cross-coupling reaction. The optical and electrochemical properties of these dyes were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, revealing a good tunability of their electronic properties by peripheral substituents with amino groups leading to strong absorption reaching the NIR region. The DFT calculations of the frontier molecular orbitals of these dyes corroborate the observed substituent effect on absorption and redox properties. 相似文献
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Dr. Sabin‐Lucian Suraru Prof. Dr. Frank Würthner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(29):7428-7448
Naphthalene diimides, which have for a long time been in the shadow of their higher homologues the perylene diimides, currently belong to the most investigated classes of organic compounds. This is primarily due to the initial synthetic studies on core functionalization that were carried out at the beginning of the last decade, which facilitated diverse structural modifications of the naphthalene scaffold. Compounds with greatly modified optical and electronic properties that can be easily and effectively modulated by appropriate functionalization were made accessible through relatively little synthetic effort. This resulted in diverse interesting applications. The electron‐deficient character of these compounds makes them highly valuable, particularly in the field of organic electronics as air‐stable n‐type semiconductors, while absorption bands over the whole visible spectral range through the introduction of core substituents enabled interesting photosystems and photovoltaic applications. This Review provides an overview on different approaches towards core functionalization as well as on synthetic strategies for the core expansion of naphthalene diimides that have been developed mainly in the last five years. 相似文献
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Suraru SL Zschieschang U Klauk H Würthner F 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(41):11504-11506
A novel naphthalene diimide with a fully conjugated, extended π-core was synthesized in a one-pot, two-step reaction. This organic semiconductor exhibits ambipolar transport properties with a large hole mobility of 0.56 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and a current on/off ratio of 10(6) in bottom-gate, top-contact thin-film transistors prepared by vacuum deposition. 相似文献
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Suraru SL Zschieschang U Klauk H Würthner F 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(6):1767-1769
A new diketopyrrolopyrrole derivative 1 exhibits excellent hole mobilities of 0.7 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and a current on/off ratio of 10(6) under ambient conditions in bottom-gate, top-contact organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) fabricated by vacuum deposition. 相似文献
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SL Mironov E Skorova G Taschenberger N Hartelt VO Nikolaev MJ Lohse S Kügler 《BMC neuroscience》2009,10(1):29-11
Background
cAMP is an ubiquitous second messenger mediating various neuronal functions, often as a consequence of increased intracellular Ca2+ levels. While imaging of calcium is commonly used in neuroscience applications, probing for cAMP levels has not yet been performed in living vertebrate neuronal tissue before. 相似文献7.
PF Hendrix SL Lachnicht MA Callaham X Zou 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》1999,13(13):1295-1299
Feeding strategies of earthworms and their influence on soil processes are often inferred from morphological, behavioral and physiological traits. We used (13)C and (15)N natural abundance in earthworms, soils and plants to explore patterns of resource utilization by different species of earthworms in three tropical ecosystems in Puerto Rico. In a high altitude dwarf forest, native earthworms Trigaster longissimus and Estherella sp. showed less (15)N enrichment ((15)N = 3-6 per thousand) than exotic Pontoscolex corethrurus ((15)N =7-9 per thousand) indicating different food sources or stronger isotopic discrimination by the latter. Conversely, in a lower altitude tabonuco forest, Estherella sp. and P. corethrurus overlapped completely in (15)N enrichment ((15)N = 6-9 per thousand), suggesting the potential for interspecific competition for N resources. A tabonuco forest converted to pasture contained only P. corethrurus which were less enriched in (15)N than those in the forest sites, but more highly enriched in (13)C suggesting assimilation of C from the predominant C(4) grass. These results support the utility of stable isotopes to delineate resource partitioning and potential competitive interactions among earthworm species. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Dr. Wan Yue Dr. Sabin‐Lucian Suraru David Bialas Matthias Müller Prof. Dr. Frank Würthner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(24):6159-6162
Acenes are a traditional class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which attracted considerable interest during the last decade because of their outstanding p‐channel semiconductor properties. More recently, N‐heteroacenes have been prepared. These molecules have been shown to be more stable and can exhibit n‐channel semiconductor properties. Inspired by these archetype PAHs, we synthesized a novel class of highly persistent azahexacene analogues 3 a – d . These molecules are composed of a core of four fused five‐membered rings derived from their respective diketopyrrolopyrroles. These new π‐conjugated scaffolds show broad and intense absorption in the visible region and possess low‐lying HOMO and LUMO levels, leading to much better stability compared to that of acenes and most heteroacenes. 相似文献
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