Influence of cotton waste and flame-retardant additives on the mechanical,thermal, and flammability properties of phenolic novolac epoxy composites

Cellulose - Phenolic novolac-type epoxy (EPN) resin composites were fabricated by reinforcing with cotton waste (CtW), along with aluminum hydroxide (AH), and boric acid (BA) particles under...     

AHP–TOPSIS hybrid decision-making analysis: Simav integrated system case study

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - In the original publication of the article, the following equations has been incorrectly published. The corrected equations are given.     

Synthesis of highly functionalized BEDT-TTF analogues incorporating 1,4-dithiin rings from 1,8-diketones

Employment of 1,8-diketone ring formation reaction led to the synthesis of tetrathiafulvalene derivatives having diphenyl-1,4-dithiin ring together with dihydroxyl, dimethyl, MEM and diphenylthiophene groups. Spectroelectrochemistry of ET and its fully unsaturated analogue 4 was compared. While both displayed nearly similar behaviours, ET started to precipitate as the second oxidation potential is reached. CV studies indicated that the fully unsaturated 4 and tetraphenyldithiophene 20 have the highest oxidation potentials, while diphenyldithiindimethylthio 16 displayed the lowest oxidation potentials. CV measurements indicated that the combination of dithiin and hydroxyl groups help lowering the oxidation potentials. It is surprising that while the presence of dithiin ring results in higher oxidation potentials, hydroxyl groups lower the potentials. Single crystal structure of 13, having both dithiin and 1,4-dithiepine rings, was examined and it was observed that dithiin and dithiepine rings form angles of 20.52° and 25.65° with the planar TTF core in cis form as both rings bent about their S?S axis to give a boat conformation.     

The degradation products of aniline in the solutions with ozone and kinetic investigations

Aromatic compounds are extensively used in several industries and can cause pollution in water sources. This work aims at examining the degradability of aniline in aqueous solutions by ozone-induced cleavage, and at determining the kinetics of the cited cleavage reactions. Aniline was prepared in four different concentrations and the flow rate of ozone supplied to each solution was selected. Aniline solutions were ozonated at low and high pH, so as to compare both molecular and hydroxyl free radical mechanisms, respectively. The main identified aromatic by-products were nitrobenzene and azobenzene when the experiment was carried out at acidic pH. Formation of nitrobenzene, azobenzene, azoxybenzene and 2-pyridine carboxylic acid (picolinic acid) was observed when the ozonization was carried out at basic pH. All the aromatic by-products found were less toxic than the raw materials. The pseudo-first-order constants in aniline concentrations were calculated.     

Crystal structure of 2,3-diaza-1,3-diphenylpropene.

The title compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c. There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit. While one of these molecules is in a general position, the other is in disordered position. The angle between the directions of the molecules in the asymmetric unit is 87.5(1) degrees.     

Apolar constituents of some biologically active <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dianthus</Emphasis> species from Western Anatolia

The apolar constituents of four Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) species were determined by GC-MS. Palmitic, linoleic, and oleic acids were detected as dominant components in all species. D. elegans d’Urv. var. elegans had the highest antioxidant activity. All four species also showed considerable antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and C. albicans.     

Ion Association Between Hexaamminecobalt (III) Ion and Monovalent Anions in Methanol-Water Mixtures from 10 to 50°C

The conductivities of chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, and perchlorate of hexaamminecobalt(III) complex were measured in 10-80 wt.% methanol-water mixtures at varying temperatures from 10 to 50°C. The ion association constants were estimated by analyzing conductivity data in terms of the Robinson-Stokes equations. Ion-association constants calculated for all complex salts in methanol-water mixtures increased, depending on the percentage of methanol. This was equivalent to the ion-association constants increasing with a decrease in the the dielectric constant of the mixtures. K _A values increased with increasing temperature for the chloride, bromide, and iodide of [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺. It was observed that these values indicated some disorder, dependent on the temperature, for nitrate and perchlorate. Thermodynamic parameters (Gibbs' free energy, entropy and enthalpy of ion association) were estimated from the temperature dependence of the ion-association constant. The limiting molar conductivities of complex ion and monovalent anions in the mixed solvents were determined from our experimental data by using the Kohlraush equation.     

An immunoblotting method for high-resolution isoelectric focusing of protein isoforms on immobilized pH gradients

Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and acetylation are important elements for regulating the activity of enzymes or structural proteins. These modifications give rise to isoforms that are often not resolved by separation methods relying on the size of proteins. Here, we optimized an isoelectric focusing (IEF)-immunoblotting method suitable for analyzing protein isoforms in total cell extracts. The separations were carried out in parallel on commercially available immobilized pH gradient slab gels (IPG). The buffer used for separation contained urea, thiourea, dithiothreitol, as well as the detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane-sulfonate (CHAPS), and was designed to match those used in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) separations where efficient solubilization is required. Proteins were transferred to membranes by passive diffusion in the presence of 4 M guanidinium chloride using protocols optimized for several protein classes (tubulin, stathmin, 14-3-3 proteins) some of which required removal of CHAPS prior to transfer. In conjunction with narrow-range pH gradient gels, excellent resolution of isoforms differing by phosphorylation or acetylation was achieved. The usefulness of pI and titration curve calculations for predicting the pI shifts expected for post-translational modifications of proteins with known amino acid composition was demonstrated. Using stathmin--which contains four phosphorylation sites--as an example, the effects on the pI-shifts were well predicted. This sensitive and widely applicable IEF-blotting technology is expected to be especially suited for analyzing protein isoforms first detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis.