The mass hierarchy with atmospheric neutrinos at INO

We study the neutrino mass hierarchy at the magnetized Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector at India-based Neutrino Observatory with atmospheric neutrino events generated by the Monte Carlo event generator Nuance. We judicially choose the observables so that the possible systematic uncertainties can be reduced. The resolution as a function of both energy and zenith angle simultaneously is obtained for neutrinos and anti-neutrinos separately from thousand years un-oscillated atmospheric neutrino events at ICAL to migrate number of events from neutrino energy and zenith angle bins to muon energy and zenith angle bins. The resonance ranges in terms of directly measurable quantities like muon energy and zenith angle are found using this resolution function at different input values of θ₁₃${\theta }_{13}$. Then, the marginalized χ²s${\chi }^2\mathrm{s}$ are studied for different input values of θ₁₃${\theta }_{13}$ with its resonance ranges taking input data in muon energy and zenith angle bins. Finally, we find that the mass hierarchy can be explored up to a lower value of θ₁₃≈5°${\theta }_{13}\approx 5°$ with confidence level >95% in this set up.     

Higher Dimensional Cosmological Models Filled with Perfect Fluid in f(R,T) Theory of Gravity

The new class of higher dimensional cosmological model of the early universe filled with perfect fluid source in the framework of f(R,T) theory of gravity (Harko et al. in Phys. Rev. D 84, 024020, 2011) is considered. A cosmological model with an appropriate choice of the function f(T) has been constructed. The physical behavior of the model is studied. The well known astrophysical phenomena, namely the Hubble parameter H(z), luminosity distance (d _L ) and distance modulus μ(z) with redshift are discussed.     

Holographic Dark Energy (DE) Cosmological Models with Quintessence in Bianchi Type-V Space Time

In this paper, author studied homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-V universe filled with matter and holographic dark energy (DE) components. The exact solutions to the corresponding Einstein’s field equations are obtained for exponential and power-law volumetric expansion. The holographic dark energy (DE) EoS parameter behaves like constant, i.e. ω _Λ =?1, which is mathematically equivalent to cosmological constant (Λ) for exponential expansion of the model, whereas the holographic dark energy (DE) EoS parameter behaves like quintessence for power-law expansion of the model. A correspondence between the holographic dark energy (DE) models with the quintessence dark energy (DE) is also established. Quintessence potential and dynamics of the quintessence scalar field are reconstructed, which describe accelerated expansion of the universe. The statefinder diagnostic pair {r,s} is adopted to characterize different phases of the universe.     

Breakup of 42 MeV 7Li projectiles in the fields of 12C and 197Au nuclei

Inclusive cross sections of α particles and tritons from the breakup of 42 MeV ⁷Li by ¹²C and ¹⁹⁷Au targets are presented and analysed in the framework of the Serber model. Spectral distortions due to the targets and relevant reaction mechanisms are discussed.     

Electrical characterization of low temperature deposited TiO2 films on strained-SiGe layers

Thin films of titanium dioxide have been deposited on strained Si_0.82Ge_0.18 epitaxial layers using titanium tetrakis-isopropoxide [TTIP, Ti(O-i-C₃H₇)₄] and oxygen by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Dielectric constant, equivalent oxide thickness (EOT), interface state density (D_it), fixed oxide charge density (Q_f/q) and flat-band voltage (V_FB) of as-deposited films were found to be 13.2, 40.6 Å, 6×10¹¹ eV⁻¹ cm⁻², 3.1×10¹¹ cm⁻² and −1.4 V, respectively. The capacitance–voltage (C–V), current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and charge trapping behavior of the films under constant current stressing exhibit an excellent interface quality and high dielectric reliability making the films suitable for microelectronic applications.     

Fiber-laser-based green-pumped continuous-wave singly-resonant optical parametric oscillator

Stable, high-power, second-harmonic-generation (SHG) of a compact CW Ytterbium (Yb) fiber laser at 1064 nm into the green and its use as a pump source for CW singly-resonant optical parametric oscillator (SRO) is demonstrated. Using a simple single-pass SHG configuration in MgO:sPPLT, as much as 9.6 W of single-frequency green radiation at 532 nm is generated from 30 W of fundamental power at a conversion efficiency of 32.7% in a Gaussian spatial profile with a beam quality factor of M ² < 1.3. Thermal effects have been investigated at different fundamental power levels and various thermal management schemes are employed to maximize the second-harmonic power. The green source is successfully deployed to pump a CW SRO tunable over 855–1408 nm, generating up to 2.1 W of idler at 1168 nm. The peak-to-peak idler power stability is better than 10.7% over 40 min, with beam quality factor M ² < 1.26 for the idler and M ² < 1.52 for the signal.     

Probing CPT violation in neutrino oscillation: A three flavor analysis

We have studied CPT violation in neutrino oscillation considering three flavor framework with matter effect. We have constructed a new way to find the oscillation probability incorporating CPT violating terms without any approximation. Then CPT   violation with atmospheric neutrinos for a magnetized iron calorimeter detector considering the muons (directly measurable with high resolution) of the charge current events has been studied for zero and nonzero θ₁₃${\theta }_{13}$ values. It is found that a potential bound of δb₃₂?6×¹⁰⁻²⁴ GeV$\delta b_{32}?6\times {10}^{-24}\text{GeV}$ at 99% CL can be obtained with 1 Mton.year exposure of this detector; and unlike neutrino beam experiments, there is no possibility to generate ‘fake’ CPT violation due to matter effect with atmospheric neutrinos. The advantages of atmospheric neutrinos to discriminate CPT violation from CP violation and nonstandard interactions are also discussed.     

基于非线性材料二次谐波与混频特性非逻辑门运算的全光实现

Optics has already been proved as a successful candidate for conducting parallel logic, arithmetic and algebraic operations. Several all-optical data processors were proposed since last few decades. To implement these systems, different data encoding decoding techniques such as polarization encoding, tristate, quartenary state, multivalued state, symbolic substitution technique etc. have already been proposed. All these are done to use optics in a suitable platform. We propose here a new concept of encoding data by adopting frequencies variation technique for conducting a inversion operation successfully.     

Characteristics of electrochemically grown dendritic metallic zinc

A simple electrochemical process has been implemented to fabricated fractal structured leaf-like metallic zinc. The fabricated material was structurally characterized using X-ray diffraction that reveals the hexagonal unit cell structure. Also the growth of the structure is anisotropic. Field emission scanning electron microscopic images revealed clearly the leaf-like morphology of the fabricated material is fern like and ∼500 μm in length, ∼50-60 μm wide and the platelets thickness is ∼5 μm. The growth of this structure is diffusion controlled and locally accomplished with the oriented attachment. Raman shift measurement revealed the existence of surface optical phonon modes which is very significant for surface defects.     

Unveiling the binding interaction of zinc (II) complexes of homologous Schiff-base ligands on the surface of BSA protein: A combined experimental and theoretical approach

Four new zinc (II) complexes [Zn (HL¹H)Br₂] (1), [Zn (HL¹H)Cl₂] (2), [Zn₂(HL²)Br₃] (3), and [Zn (HL²)Cl] (4) have been synthesized by adopting template synthetic strategy and utilizing two homologous Schiff base ligands (H₂L¹ = 4-bromo-2-{[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-ethylimino]-methyl}-6-methoxyphenol, H₂L² = 4-bromo-2-{[3-(2-hydroxyethylamino)propylimino]methyl}-6-methoxyphenol), differing in one -CH₂- unit in the ligating backbone, by adopting template synthetic strategy. All the complexes have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as well as by other routine physicochemical techniques. Ligand mediated structural variations have been observed and rationalized by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations. Interaction of the complexes 1–4 with Bovine Serum Albumin protein (BSA) has been studied by different spectroscopic techniques. A complete thermodynamic profile (ΔH^o, ΔS^o and ΔG^o) was evaluated initially from the change in absorption and fluorescence spectra upon addition of BSA to the complexes. Appreciable binding constant values in the range ~ 0.94–4.51 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ indicate efficient binding tendency of the complexes to BSA with the sequence 1 ≅ 2 > 3 ≅ 4. Circular dichroism (CD), isothermal calorimetric titration experiments, molecular docking and molecular dynamics have been performed to gain deep insight into the binding regions of complex 1 to BSA. Experimental evidences suggest an interaction of zinc complexes at the surface of BSA protein and this particular binding has been exploited to determine unknown concentration of BSA protein. For this purpose complex 1 was explored as a BSA protein quantification tool.