SAR study of 1-aryl-4-(phenylarylmethyl)piperazines as ligands for both dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors showing varying degrees of (Ant)agonism. Selection of a potential atypical antipsychotic

The syntheses of several 1-aryl-4-(arylpyridylmethyl)piperazines (4) and their affinities for dopamine D(2) and serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptors are described. The compounds were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in the identification of the drug candidate SLV313 (4e) with equipotent and full D(2) receptor antagonism and 5-HT(1A) receptor agonism. Minor structural modifications in SLV313 revealed the possibility of designing compounds possessing varying degrees of partial agonism on one or both target receptors.     

Detecting functional magnetic resonance imaging activation in white matter: Interhemispheric transfer across the corpus callosum

Background  

It is generally believed that activation in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is restricted to gray matter. Despite this, a number of studies have reported white matter activation, particularly when the corpus callosum is targeted using interhemispheric transfer tasks. These findings suggest that fMRI signals may not be neatly confined to gray matter tissue. In the current experiment, 4 T fMRI was employed to evaluate whether it is possible to detect white matter activation. We used an interhemispheric transfer task modelled after neurological studies of callosal disconnection. It was hypothesized that white matter activation could be detected using fMRI.     

Effects of Small- and Large-Scale Structures in a Piloted Jet Diffusion Flame

Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) measurements have been performed in a turbulent nonpremixed jet flame. One of the features of this configuration is a central co-axial fuel jet surrounded by a turbulent annular air flow. The whole is placed within a low-speed coflowing air stream. This three-flow system with turbulent primary air differs from flow systems used for nonpremixed jet flames reported in the literature and is very useful for obtaining information on the mixing process between fuel and primary air. Next to the characterization of the velocity field, special attention has been paid to the conditional seeding of the central fuel jet and of the annular air flow. Together with visualizations of the OH radical, an important combustion intermediate which is formed during combustion, and the NO radical, which is seeded to the central jet flow, the resulting statistics reveal the properties of small- and large-scale structures in the flame.