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Small-angle X-ray scattering was used to examine in situ formation of ZrO2---SiO2 structures in alcoholic solution of tetraethoxysilan (TEOS) as a function of the ratio of ZrO2 to SiO2. For the moment of the first measurement (15 min after the preparation) primary particles with Rg ≈ 1.5 nm exist in all investigated mixed gels. These particles aggregated to secondary clusters. The resulting clusters can be described by means of fractal theory, where the determining mechanism of formation is cluster-cluster aggregation (diffusion or chemical limited). The time of gelation is a function of the ZrO2 concentration. The higher the ZrO2 concentration in the solution, the faster is the aggregation to secondary clusters. Gelation times were between 170 and 970 h. 相似文献
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Zirconium oxide gels were prepared by controlled hydrolysis and condensation of zirconium-n-propoxide in alcoholic solution. After completion of the gelation the aging and drying of the alcogel was observed in situ by Small and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering experiments at room temperature. The xerogels obtained have been annealed at different temperatures to crystallization. The structural changes were observed by using SAXS and WAXS. Structural models reproducing the experimental WAXS data have been simulated by the reverse Monte Carlo method. A comparison between zirconium oxide xerogels obtained under different thermal treatments was made and evidence was found that thermal treatment at higher temperatures and preparation conditions affect the atomic arrangement of these amorphous gels. 相似文献
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