Working group report: Flavor physics and model building

This is the report of flavor physics and model building working group at WHEPP-9. While activites in flavor physics have been mainly focused on B-physics, those in model building have been primarily devoted to neutrino physics. We present summary of working group discussions carried out during the workshop in the above fields, and also briefly review the progress made in some projects subsequently.     

Use of allylzinc halide as a source of halide: Differential addition of nucleophiles to Ts-aziridines and aldehydes under similar reaction conditions

We have observed that the allylic zinc halide under identical reaction conditions acts in different modes for different electrophiles. For Ts-aziridines the halide part of the allylic halide has been introduced as a nucleophile and for the carbonyl compounds the simple allylation reaction occurs. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report where the allylic zinc halide is the source of halide acting as nucleophile. The main advantages of the present procedure are easy to handle, no need of inert atmosphere, mild reaction conditions, and applicability to a wide variety of substrates for aziridines and carbonyl compounds.     

Recent advances on heterocyclic compounds with antiviral properties

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - In recent years several important viral infections have emerged and antiviral chemotherapeutic agents are not sufficiently effective in clinic, leading to...     

Monoclinic CuO nanoflowers on resin support: recyclable catalyst to obtain perylene compound

Monoclinic CuO crystallite in grams has been obtained from resin bound Cu(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complex, R(-)[Cu(1,10-phen)(2)](2+) that becomes a recyclable catalyst for oxidative phenol coupling (OPC) reaction. Thus an exclusively intuitive blue fluorescing perylene derivative is derived from colorless 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene (2,7-DHN) in high yield.     

Fabrication of Large‐Scale Hierarchical ZnO Hollow Spheroids for Hydrophobicity and Photocatalysis

We report here the preparation of a crystalline, pure hexagonal phase of ZnO as hollow 500–800 nm spheroids in the presence of organic bases, such as pyridine, using zinc acetate as the precursor salt. The spheroids exhibit unique 3D hierarchical architectures, like cocoons, and demonstrate improved superhydrophobic (water contact angle, 150°) character due to the inherited air‐trapped capillarity within the cocoon structure. The simple synthetic strategy used in this process is modified hydrothermolysis (MHT), which represents a general approach and may contribute to the formation mechanism of the hollow nanostructures with highly improved porosity. Depending on the concentration of the precursor salt, it has been possible to cover glass plates or the inner wall of a reaction vessel with ZnO nanocrystals. A low salt concentration (<0.01 M ) allows the easy preparation of a superhydrophobic glass surface, whereas a high salt concentration (>0.01 M ) results in the precipitation of cocoons at the bottom of the reaction vessel as a solid mass together with a deposited thin film of ZnO nanocrystals covering the inner wall of the glass vessel. The thickness of the film successively grows through repetitive hydrothermolysis processes for which a low salt concentration (<0.01 M ) was employed. Because of the hollow cocoonlike morphology, the surface area of the film is greatly increased, which makes it accessible for functionalization by incoming substrates from both sides (internally and externally) and helps to drive a competent photocatalytic dye degradation pathway. The heterocyclic base pyridine exclusively develops cocoons. Thus, the mechanism of self‐aggregation of ZnO nanocrystals under MHT reaction conditions has been studied and the characterization of the compounds has been supported with physical measurements.     

Effect of anomalous diffusion on directed motion in a multiplicative noise driven flashing ratchet system

In this paper we have studied the directed motion of a Brownian particle in a multiplicative noise driven flashing ratchet system. Our investigation shows the current (j) is either maximum or minimum in the super-diffusion (SPD) region depending on the asymmetric character of the ratchet potential. But the optimum behavior disappears for the symmetric ratchet potential and there is a current inversion around the normal diffusion (ND). With increase of half cycle period(t_p/2) (which controls the on-off operation mechanism of the potential), j passes through a maximum and the peak height is the highest for the SPD. Also at low asymmetry in the system, the mobility is more dominating for the normal and the super-diffusion cases than the sub-diffusion. For large asymmetry in the ratchet potential, the diffusion control positive current is larger for the ND compared to the other cases. Finally, we observe that there is a maximum in the variation of current as a function of noise correlation time for SPD. But it disappears for the other cases.     

A hybrid viscosity iterative method with averaged mappings for split equilibrium problems and fixed point problems

In this paper, with the help of averaged mappings, we introduce and study a hybrid iterative method to approximate a common solution of a split equilibrium problem and a fixed point problem of a finite collection of nonexpansive mappings. We prove that the sequences generated by the iterative scheme strongly converges to a common solution of the above-said problems. We give some numerical examples to ensure that our iterative scheme is more efficient than the methods of Plubtieng and Punpaeng (J. Math Anal. Appl. 336(1), 455–469, 15), Liu (Nonlinear Anal. 71(10), 4852–4861, 10) and Wen and Chen (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2012(1), 1–15, 18). The results presented in this paper are the extension and improvement of the recent results in the literature.     

Organotin derivatives of (arylazo)benzoic acids : I. Preparation,spectrophotometric titrations and IR spectra

Organotin derivatives of some (arylazo)benzoic acids have been prepared, and investigated by spectrophotometric titration and IR spectroscopy. The organotin (o-arylazo)benzoates are generally penta-coordinated, but those containing a hydroxyl group in the 2-position, e.g., triorganotin o-(2-hydroxy-5-methyl-benzeneazo)benzoate, are hexa-coordinated. The tetracarboxy derivatives contain two different types of tin—carboxylate bonds, as shown by two IR absorptions, at 1700 (ester-like) and 1620 cm^?1 (chelated).     

A Modified Iterative Method for a Finite Collection of Non-self Mappings and a Family of Variational Inequality Problems

This paper deals with an iterative algorithm with the help of averaged mappings for the common solution of a fixed point problem of a finite collection of k-strictly pseudocontractive non-self mappings and a system of variational inequality problems in the setting of a real Hilbert space. Under some suitable conditions, the sequence generated by the proposed algorithm converges strongly to the common solution of the above said problems. Also, a numerical example is given to establish the superiority of the proposed algorithm over some existing methods.     

Gram level synthesis of lead-free solder in the nanometer length scale obtained from tin and silver compounds using silicone oil

A straightforward route to gram level synthesis of a pure phase of the Sn-Ag nanoalloy in an eutectic composition (Sn/Ag 96.5:3.5) in silicone oil is reported. The composition, morphology, and microstructure of the alloy were fully characterized. In a mixture of ethylene glycol and silicone oil, direct reduction of Sn(II) acetate and Ag(I) nitrate gave the Sn-Ag nanoalloy. The nanoalloy disintegrates by sonication and reforms by heating, leading to smaller particles with a melting point as low as 128 degrees C.