p-CH3C6H4SR型硫醚与钯(II)配合物热分解反应动力学

热重分析(TG)和微商热重法(DTG)广泛应用于各个研究领域,用非等温热重法测定固体化合物的热分解动力学参数已有报导.许多作者提出各种不同的数据处理方法.本文用的ρ-CH_3C_6H_4SR 型硫醚对钯的萃取具有选择性好、分配比高、气味较小、易溶于脂肪烃类溶剂、易于合成、是很有发展前途的一类萃取剂.我们合成五种ρ-CH_3C_6H_4SR(R:n-C_4H_9,n-C_6H_(13),n-C_8H_(17),n-C_(10)H_(21),n-C_(12)H_(25))型硫醚与钯(Ⅱ)的配合物,用TG-DTG 法研究它们的热分解过程,用微商法(Freeman-Carroll 方程)及积分法(Coats-Redfern 方程)获得了这些配合物的热分解动力学参数.     

禹州漏芦均一多糖的结构分析及其硫酸化衍生物的抗补体活性

以禹州漏芦为原料,经沸水提取、乙醇沉淀、DEAE-Cellulose和SuperdexTM75凝胶柱层析分离纯化,得到一种水溶性的酸性均一多糖(EPS-2A).采用单糖组成、甲基化及绝对构型等方法对其进行了结构解析.结果表明,该均一多糖主要由D-半乳糖醛酸组成,并含有少量的Rha和Ara.该均一多糖经不同条件硫酸衍生化后的衍生物(Sul-2A-1和Sul-2A-2)与阳性药肝素[CH50=(103.0±9.0)μg/mL(mean±SD,n=3),CH50为出现50%溶血时的样品浓度]相比,均表现出很强的抗补体活性[Sul-2A-1的CH50=(74.1±4.6)μg/mL;Sul-2A-2的CH50=(35.7±2.8)μg/mL].     

Tectonic setting discrimination and<Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar/<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar isotope geochronology of the Miba granite

The Miba granite is located in the juncture of Kang County in eastern Gansu Province and Lueyang County in Shanxi Province. It is considered to be the post-orogenic granite (POG-type) by major element discrimination method of Maniar.⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating indicates that its emplacement time is about 240—230 Ma and it is the result of the Indo-Sinian magmatism. In the early Yanshan period (about 193.8 Ma), a thermal event resulted in the partial opening of the argon isotope system of the biotite.     

High-Energy Aqueous/Organic Hybrid Batteries Enabled by Cu2+ Redox Charge Carriers

Lithium||sulfur (Li||S) batteries are considered as one of the promising next-generation batteries due to the high theoretical capacity and low cost of S cathodes, as well as the low redox potential of Li metal anodes (−3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). However, the S reduction reaction from S to Li₂S leads to limited discharge voltage and capacity, largely hindering the energy density of Li||S batteries. Herein, high-energy Li||S hybrid batteries were designed via an electrolyte decoupling strategy. In cathodes, S electrodes undergo the solid-solid conversion reaction from S to Cu₂S with four-electron transfer in a Cu²⁺-based aqueous electrolyte. Such an energy storage mechanism contributes to enhanced electrochemical performance of S electrodes, including high discharge potential and capacity, superior rate performance and stable cycling behavior. As a result, the assembled Li||S hybrid batteries exhibit a high discharge voltage of 3.4 V and satisfactory capacity of 2.3 Ah g⁻¹, contributing to incredible energy density. This work provides an opportunity for the construction of high-energy Li||S batteries.     

Six-Electron-Redox Iodine Electrodes for High-Energy Aqueous Batteries

Iodine (I₂) shows great promising as the active material in aqueous batteries due to its distinctive merits of high abundance in ocean and low cost. However, in conventional aqueous I₂-based batteries, the energy storage mechanism of I⁻/I₂ conversion is only two-electron redox reaction, limiting their energy density. Herein, six-electron redox chemistry of I₂ electrodes is achieved via the synergistic effect of redox-ion charge-carriers and halide ions in electrolytes. The redox-active Cu²⁺ ions in electrolytes induce the conversion between Cu²⁺ ions and I₂ to CuI at low potential. Simultaneously, the Cl⁻ ions in electrolytes activate the I₂/ICl redox couple at high potential. As a result, in our case, I₂-based battery system with six-electron redox is developed. Such energy storage mechanism with six-electron redox leads to high discharge potential and capacity, excellent rate capability, as well as stable cycling behavior of I₂ electrodes. Impressively, six-electron-redox I₂ cathodes can match various aqueous metal (e.g. Zn, Mn and Fe) anodes to construct metal||I₂ hybrid batteries. These hybrid batteries not only deliver enhanced capacities, but also exhibit higher operate voltages, which contributes to superior energy densities. Therefore, this work broadens the horizon for the design of high-energy aqueous I₂-based batteries.     

Experimental analysis of pressure distribution in a twin screw compressor for multiphase duties

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of pressure distribution inside working chamber of a twin screw compressor for multiphase duties. A mathematical model for describing the pressure distribution inside working chamber is proposed. By means of a small pressure transducer embedded into the groove at the root of the rotor, the pressure distributions of a multiphase compressor under various running conditions have been recorded successfully to verify the model. It is found that the pressure curve during the discharge process has a higher level under the conditions of the lower gas void fraction, higher discharge pressure, higher rotational speed and higher inlet pressure. The pressure distribution calculated by model in this paper shows good agreement with the data recorded by a small pressure sensor in a prototype multiphase compressor at the high gas void fractions under different operating conditions.     

Magmatism and deformation times of the Xidatan rock series,East Kunlun Mountains

The Xidatan rock series consist of mylonite, gneiss and granite. The U-Pb age shows that the granite was formed at 206 Ma, and the⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages of the biotite display that the mylonite was formed at 145 Ma when the Xidatan ductile shearzone occurred. At about 110—100 Ma, the Xidatan Fault reactivated again. As a result, the biotite and muscovite of Xidatan rock series opened their argon isotope system.

     

对甲苯基烷基亚砜与钯(Ⅱ)配合物的合成及热分析研究

对甲苯基烷基亚砜(RSOPhCH_3)对钯的萃取研究及其与钯(Ⅱ)的固体配合物的合成迄今尚未见报道。本文首次制备了五种不同取代烷基的系列配体的钯(Ⅱ)配合物(R=n-C_4H_9,C_6H_(13),C_8H_(17),C_(10)H_(21)和C_(12)H_(25)),采用元素分析、红外光谱等方法鉴定其组成。由于研究该系列配合物的性质,如热稳定性等能有助于对它们萃取机理的进一步探索,因此,本文应用热重分析法(TG-DTG)研究了配合物的热分解过程,分别应用Freeman-Carroll,Coats-Redfern和Kissinger方程获得了它们的热分解活化能,并讨论了配合物的热分解行为与配合物配体中取代烷基之间的关系。     

水平管道煤尘爆炸残留物时空变化特征

为了研究煤尘爆炸气固态残留物成分差异性及其时空分布规律，利用水平管道煤尘爆炸装置进行了煤尘爆炸实验，收集并分析了气固态残留物类别及特征。研究表明:爆炸后煤尘中灰分显著增加，挥发分和固定碳减少；爆炸前后煤尘的微观形貌特征差别明显，爆炸后煤尘颗粒表面光滑，且产生了颗粒破裂现象，部分颗粒中出现孔洞，少数颗粒呈现薄壳状，颗粒之间出现了粘结现象；煤尘爆炸气体残留物成分主要有氧气、氮气、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、甲烷、乙烯、乙烷、乙炔、丙烷等，爆源点处最低氧气浓度仅为2.52%，一氧化碳浓度达到0.38%~0.68%，距离爆源点越远，氧气浓度越高，碳氧化物气体与烃类气体浓度越低。     

Solubilization of pristine fullerene by the unfolding mechanism of bovine serum albumin for cytotoxic application

A method for solubilization of pristine fullerene (C(60)) in water was proposed by directly using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a "solubilizer" by means of the unfolding mechanism. C(60) aqueous solution with a small distribution size, excellent dispersion stability and high dispersion concentration was obtained without the use of derivatization and organic solvent.