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The physical properties of the N-oxides prepared by the oxidation of tertiary isoquinoline alkaloids with m-chloroperbenzoic acid are presented and are compared with those of their parent alkaloids. 相似文献
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Leou K.C. McDermott D.B. Balkcum A.J. Luhmann N.C. Jr. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1994,22(5):585-592
The stability of high power gyro-TWT amplifiers operating in the low-loss TE01 mode of cylindrical waveguide has been studied, Linear theory has been used to determine the threshold start-oscillation beam current for absolute instability in the operating mode and the critical section lengths for the dominant gyro-BWO interactions occurring at various cyclotron harmonics in other waveguide modes. The performance of the amplifier was evaluated with a nonlinear, self-consistent slow-timescale simulation code. Utilizing interaction sections whose lengths are less than the threshold start-oscillation length and are separated by attenuating severs for isolation, two stable three-section devices have been designed which are predicted to yield: (1) a peak output power of 230 kW at 35 GHz with an efficiency of 23%, a saturated gain of 46 dB and a constant-drive bandwidth of 6% for a 100 kV, 10 A electron beam with an α=ν⊥ /νz =1.0 and an axial velocity spread Δνz/νz=5% and (2) 105 kW at 94 GHz with 21% efficiency, 45 dB saturated gain and 5% constant-drive bandwidth for a similar 5 A electron beam. In addition, the design of the 0 dB input/output couplers and the MIG electron gun are given. Due to the low loss of the TE01 mode, both of these amplifiers can be operated continuously 相似文献
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Leou K.C. McDermott D.B. Luhmann N.C. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1996,24(3):718-726
The bandwidth of a gyrotron traveling wave amplifier (gyro-TWT) has been significantly increased by partially filling the interaction waveguide with dielectric to reduce the circuit's dispersion. The proof-of-principle experiment was designed for X-band, and employs the fundamental mode of rectangular waveguide loaded with dielectric slabs along the narrow sidewalls. The amplifier yields a peak output power of 55 kW with 11% efficiency, 27 dB saturated gain, and an unprecedented untapered gyro-TWT constant-drive bandwidth of 11% and saturated bandwidth exceeding 14%. The single-stage amplifier is completely zero-drive stable. The 95-kV 5-A electron beam was produced by a single-anode magnetron injection gun with p⊥/υz=0.6, as determined by the EGUN code, and Δυz/υz=4%, determined as the best fit to the gyro-TWT large-signal simulation data. Simulation studies predict that by lowering the velocity spread to Δυ z/υz=2%, the amplifier performance will be further enhanced to a constant-drive bandwidth of 20% with 15% efficiency 相似文献
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Leou K.C. McDermott D.B. Luhmann N.C. Jr. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1992,20(3):188-196
The bandwidth of a gyro-TWT (traveling-wave tube) can be widened by employing a dielectric-loaded waveguide to reduce the circuit's dispersion. Fast wave interaction allows the requirements on the beam's quality to be relaxed compared with slow wave interaction. A low-α (≡ν⊥/νz) electron beam is chosen to avoid the absolute instability and minimize the possibility of dielectric charging. This device is investigated using a self-consistent single-mode, large-signal simulation based on a slow time scale formulation. Simulation results show that a constant drive bandwidth of 20% can be achieved for a 100 kV, 5 A electron beam with a velocity ratio of α=0.59 and an axial velocity spread of 2.0%. The growth rate is relatively low because of the low α of the electron beam. The design of a proof-of-principle experiment is described. The tube is expected to deliver a power of 80 kW from 9 to 11 GHz with 15% efficiency and a saturated gain of 30 dB. The performance of a single-anode magnetron injection gun designed to produce the required high-quality electron beam has been studied through simulation 相似文献
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