Reactions of cyclammonium cations

The reaction of 1,2-diaminopyridinium salts with -dicarbonyl compounds or -halogeno ketones forms pyrido[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazinium salts. A methyl group present in position 2 of one of these salts condenses with aldehydes, giving styryl derivatives and reacts with orthoesters to give cyanines.For Communication XXII, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1266–1270, September, 1973.     

5-Hetaryl-substituted 2-methyleneindolines and polymethine dyes based on them

2-Methyleneindolines containing benzazole residues at the 5-position were synthesized and polymethine dyes were obtained from them. The bathochromic shifts induced by the introduction of heterocyclic residues into indocyanines exceed the similar shifts induced by the same heterocycles in thio and quinocyanines.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1050–1054, August, 1990.     

Reaction of quinoxaline with benzopyridines in acetic anhydrides in the presence of Zn dust

The reaction between quinoxaline and benzopyridine in acetic anhydride in the presence of zinc dust gives a quinoxaline anion and a benzopyridine N-acetyl radical, which recombine to give the previously unknown N-acetyl dihydrobenzo-pyridine derivative of 1,2-dihydroquinoxaline. Under these conditions, quinoxaline alone gives 1,4-diacetyl-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline and 1-acetyl-2-(1,2-dihydroquinoxalyl-2)-1,2-dihydroquinoxaline.Previous communication, [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 967–973, July, 1985.     

Planche rearrangement in indolines with acceptor substituents. 2. Pyrrolidone ring formation from the reaction between 1,3,3-trimethyl-ω-cyano-methyleneindoline and o-aminophenol

It was found that when 1,3,3-trimethyl--cyanomethyleneindoline was condensed with o-aminophenol in polyphosphoric acid, a complex heterocyclic system containing a pyrrolidone ring was formed as a result of the Planche rearrangement.For Communication 1, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1481–1484, November, 1992.     

Imidazoles in the hetarylation reaction

Indoles and pyrrole were subjected to hetarylation with imidazole and benzimidazole in the presence of aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic carboxylic acid chlorides. The resulting N,N-diacylimidazolinyl- and N,N-diacylbenzimidazolinylindoles were converted to 2-(3-indolyl)-1,3-diacylimidazolium and N,N-diacylbenzimidazolium salts by the action of trityl perchlorate.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 238–247, February, 1977.     

N-SULPHONYL PYRIDINIUM SALTS IN THE HETARYLATION REACTION

Abstract

Hetarylation of organic CH-acids by a sumultaneous action on them with N-heteroaromatic compounds and acylating agents, carboxylic chlorides and chlorides of acids of phosphorus (III and V) is known.     

Dipole moments of sterically hindered p-hydroxystyrylpyridines

On the basis of measurements of dipole moments and a comparison of the results obtained with those calculated by a vectorial additive scheme, the structure of a series of sterically hindered p-hydroxystyrylpyridines have been determined.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1528–1531, November, 1973.     

Effect of surface states on luminescent properties of CdS single crystals

The luminescent properties of CdS single crystals excited by strongly absorbed light have been investigated for accumulation and depletion layers near the surface. The spectral distribution and change of intensity in maxima of emission bands were measured as functions of surface potential being varied by electric field (the luminescence field effect, LFE). Emission bands under examination were: r-band (λ_max = 1.03 μm), k-band (λ_max = 0.72 μm), o-band (λ_max = 0.62 μm) and IR-2 band (1.5–2.2 microm). The effects found (non-monotony of LFE for accumulation surface layers, the selectiveness of field action) indicate that the centres of red luminescence in the crystals studied are situated mainly near the surface or on the surface itself.     

Novel reaction of azines with nucelophiles in the presence of isocyanates

Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 270–271, February, 1989.     

Twofold reactivity of 1,2-disubstituted dihydro-n-heteroaromatic systems. 10. Synthesis and aromatization of ferrocene-containing hantzsch esters

1-Ferrocenylphenyl-4-aryl(furyl)-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydropyridines and 4-ferrocenyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (Hantzsch esters) have been prepared, and their reactions with triphenylcarbenium and 1-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinium perchlorate salts have been studied. Treatment with triphenylmethyl perchlorate results in oxidation of the ferrocenyl substituent to the ferrocenium cation, whereas treatment with the oxoammonium cation results in aromatization and the formation of salts containing a pyridinium cation and a neutral ferrocene ring. A 4-ferrocenyl-containing Hantzsch ester which was unsubstituted at the nitrogen atom constituted a single exception to this trend; it could be aromatized only upon treatment with sulfur.For Communication 9, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1094–1101, August, 1986.