Pressure pulse from a laser pulse acting on a composite

Conclusions These tests on quasistationary irradiated for polyethylene-matrix powder-filled composites show that the filler composition and content have marked effects on the damage.There are ranges where the specific loss, the pressure, and the integral recoil pulse decrease as the power density increases because of changes in the damage mechanism, which are most prominent for zirconium oxide as filler. Bulk absorption contributes considerably, and causes various types of defect. Estimates have been made of the pressures arising in explosive matrix decomposition in the bulk together with the specific damage energies.These measurements are useful in modeling laser effects on composites.Translated from Mekhanika Kompositnykh Materialov, No. 5, pp. 868–872, September–October, 1988.     

Molecular Structure of Samarium Dibromide

The molecular structure of samarium dibromide has been studied by electron diffraction at T _exp = 1250(50) K. The molecule has C_2v symmetry; the internuclear distance R_g(Sm–Br) = 274.5(5) pm; _g =131(6)°. The vibration frequencies were estimated from the experimental values of the mean square vibration amplitudes.     

Metric spaces of semicontinuous functions

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Fundamental Research under Grant No. 93-011-236.     

Reaction of nitrostilbenes with uranocene and it derivatives

Conclusions Uranocene and dibutyl- and didecyluranocenes form charge-transfer complexes with 4-nitro-, -nitro, and , -dinitrostilbenes. Cis-trans isomerization of the nitrostilbenes occurs in these complexes. The introduction of two n-butyl groups into uranocene leads to a decrease in the isomerization, while the introduction of two n-decyl groups leads to the complete disappearance of this process.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1416–1417, June, 1985.     

Some estimates of derivatives of rational functions in integral metrics

Estimates are established in the metric of L_q[0p. Local norms in L_p are also estimated of Taylor remainders of a rational function in terms of its norm in L_p.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 499–510, April, 1973.In conclusion, the author expresses thanks to E. P. Dolzhenko, under whose guidance this work was done.     

Dependence of differential properties of a function on the speed of its rational approximations in the metrics of Lp

We establish the existence almost everywhere on [0, 1] of a generalized differential of a given order for a function which can be sufficiently well approximated by rational functions in the metrics of L_p[0, 1] (0     

Mathematical expectations of functions of sums of a random number of independent terms

Conditions are found which must be imposed on a function g(x) in order that M g(₁+₂+ + _v < if M g(_i) < and M g(v) < ,, ₁, ₂, , _n, ... being non-negative and independent, being integral, and {_i} being identically distributed. The result is applied to the theory of branching processes.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 387–394, April, 1968.     

New Approach to the Calculation of Relative Sensitivity Factors in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) of 68 elements in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were determined. The ionization process in an inductively coupled plasma was found to be only approximately described by the Saha–Eggert equation. A relationship between the RSFs and the absolute electronegativities of atoms was found. This factor has the strongest effect on the accuracy of the calculations of RSFs for chemically active elements. The average relative systematic error of the calculations of RSFs taking into account absolute electronegativity was reduced to 0.30.     

Effect of Bleeding Oxygen on Processes in the Ion Source of an EMAL-2 Mass Spectrometer in the Analysis of Oxygen-Containing Samples

When bleeding oxygen into the ion source of an EMAL-2 laser mass spectrometer, an oxygen monolayer was formed on atomically pure sample surfaces produced by laser scanning. It was found that the signal of this oxygen can be used for calculating sensitivity factors. Bleeding oxygen increased the yield of test sample matrix ions; for example, the yield of Fe⁺ ions was doubled. The qualitative analysis of a gas atmosphere introduced into the ion source of an EMAL-2 mass spectrometer can be performed. Chloroform, which was present in a prepared gas mixture, was identified by the lines of molecular ions. The intensity of its molecular lines in the mass spectrum in the case using carbon reagent ions was higher by an order of magnitude than that in the case using silicon.