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The capacity for anaerobic decolorization of a sulfonated azo dye, Congo Red, by a strain of a sulfate-reducing bacterium
was evaluated. After optimizing the growth rate of the bacteria on a simple carbon source and terminal electron acceptor pair,
lactate and sulfate, respectively, the effect of the dye concentration on their growth rate was analyzed. The decolorization
rate was affected by the dye concentration in the growth medium. The azo-bond cleavage mechanism of reductive decolorization
with the formation of benzidine was consistent with the results, as this metabolite was identified by high-performance liquid
chromatography. Several fractions of the culture medium, including lysed cell extracts, were examined for the capacity to
reduce the azo dye. This reduction capacity was found in the culture medium in which the cells had previously grown. The results
showed that the mechanism of reductive decolorization of this sulfonated azo dye was extracellular and nonenzymatic, consistent
with the production of sulfide anion by the microorganisms while growing on lactate and sulfate. The sulfide anions were the
cause of the reduction leading to the disappearance of color in the medium. To increase the rate of decolorization, the presence
of ferrous ion was also necessary together with the lactate and sulfate substrates. 相似文献
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In many generic combustion models, one finds that a combustionwave will develop with a specific wave speed. However, thereare possible initial temperature profiles which do not evolveinto such waves, but rather die out to the ambient temperature.There can exist, in some models, a clear distinction betweenthose initial conditions that do evolve into combustion wavesand those that do not; this is sometimes referred to as thewatershed initial condition. When fuel consumption is consideredto be negligible, analytical methods can be used to obtain theexact watershed. In this paper, we consider the problem of determiningpseudo-watersheds and ascertaining the relationship betweenthese pseudo-watersheds and the exact watersheds. In the processa novel weight-function approach for infinite spatial domainsis developed. 相似文献
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H Machner M Betigeri J Bojowald A Budzanowski A Chatterjee J Ernst L Freindl D Frekers W Garske K Grewer A Hamacher J Ilieva L Jarczyk K Kilian S Kliczewski W Klimala D Kolev T Kutsarova J Lieb H Machner A Magiera H Nann L Pentchev HS Plendl D Protić B Razen P Von Rossen BJ Roy R Siudak J Smyrski RV Srikantiah A Strzałkowski R Tsenov K Zwoll 《Pramana》2001,57(2-3):399-416
Total and differential cross sections for the reactions p + d → 3He + m
0 with m=π, η and p + d → 3H+π+ were measured with the GEM detector at COSY for beam momenta between threshold and the maximum of the corresponding baryon
resonance. For both reactions a strong forward-backward asymmetry was found. The data were compared with model calculations.
The aspect of isospin symmetry breaking is studied.
Representing the GEM Collaboration 相似文献
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Carla Proença M. Luísa Serralheiro M. Eduarda Araújo Teresa Pamplona Susana Santos M. Soledade Santos Fátima Frazão 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2011,48(6):1287-1294
Several sulfenamide derivatives were designed as possible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. New sulfenamides were synthesized and proved to be stable under the physiological conditions used in the enzymatic assays. N‐benzyl‐2‐benzoxazolylsulfenamide (8) and N‐benzyl‐2‐benzimidazolylsulfenamide (9) revealed anti‐AChE activity with IC50 values of 0.6 and 0.8 μM, respectively, values of the same magnitude as those reported for galantamine and tacrine. The affinity for the biological site was evaluated in terms of interaction/partition toward sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles. The inhibitory activity profiles were reasoned in terms of both partition toward a hydrophobic anionic environment and molecular geometry. The X? CSN dihedral angle deviations from collinearity stood out as a major parameter linked to enzyme specificity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011). 相似文献
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DJ Smith KW Ledingham RP Singhal T McCanny P Graham HS Kilic P Tzallas C Kosmidis AJ Langley PF Taday 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》1999,13(14):1366-1373
With the development of high intensity femtosecond lasers, the ionisation and dissociation dynamics of molecules has become an area of considerable interest. Using the technique of femtosecond laser mass spectrometry (FLMS), the molecules carbon disulphide, pyrimidine, toluene, cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde are studied with pulse widths of 50 fs in the near infrared (IR) wavelength region (790 nm). Results are presented and contrasted for laser beam intensities around 10(15) and 10(16) W cm(-2). For the lower intensities, the mass spectra yield dominant singly charged parent ions. Additionally, the appearance of doubly charged parent ions is evident for carbon disulphide, toluene and benzaldehyde with envelopes of doubly charged satellite species existing in these local regions. Carbon disulphide also reveals a small triply charged component. Such atomic-like features are thought to be a strong fingerprint of FLMS at these intensities. However, upon increasing the laser intensity to approximately 10(16) W cm(-2), parent ion dominance decreases and the appearance of multiply charged atomic species occurs, particularly carbon. This phenomenon has been attributed to Coulomb explosions in which the fast absorption of many photons may produce transient highly ionised parent species which can subsequently blow apart. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献