Excretion of iodide in 24-h urine as determined by ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

A simple method is presented for the routine analysis of iodide in urine. After a one-step sample clean-up, iodide was separated by ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography and detected electrochemically with a silver electrode. The coefficient of variation of a single analysis of iodide in a pooled urine sample (530 nmol/l) was 7.6%. The detection limit, derived from a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, was 3 pmol, corresponding to 0.06 mumol/l. The recovery of iodide added to urine was 96 +/- 7%. The accuracy of the method was assessed by analysing ten different samples with neutron activation analysis. The data obtained with the two methods showed a high correlation (r = 0.991) and did not differ significantly. Excretion of iodide in samples of 24-h urine from a free-living population was shown to have a log-normal distribution and to be higher in men than in women. The iodide/creatinine ratio was independent of sex and increased with age.     

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of tetracyanoquinodimethane,TCNQ, tetrathiafulvalene,TTF, and the salt TTF-TCNQ

Energy loss spectra of low energy electrons (ELS) have been obtained for thin solid films of tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), and the charge transfer salt TTF-TCNQ as a function of incident energy (20 to 100 eV). The incident energy dependence of energy loss features allows the identification of triplet and symmetry forbidden excitations in TCNQ and TTF. The ELS spectrum of TTF-TCNQ is compared with high energy electron loss data to show that the surface of evaporated films of TTF-TCNQ contains 20–50% neutral TCNQ molecules.     

Vectorial Approach to Fast Correlation Attacks

A new, vectorial approach to fast correlation attacks on binary memoryless combiners is proposed. Instead of individual input sequences or their linear combinations, the new attack is targeting subsets of input sequences as a whole thus exploiting the full correlation between the chosen subset and the output sequence. In particular, the set of all the input sequences can be chosen as the target. The attack is based on a novel iterative probabilistic algorithm which is also applicable to general memoryless combiners over finite fields or finite rings. To illustrate the effectiveness of the introduced approach, experimental results obtained for random balanced combining functions are presentedMost of this work was done while he was with Rome CryptoDesign Center, Gemplus, Italy     

On the Motion of a Dynamic System with Minimal Dissipation

The motion of a holonomic scleronomic non-conservative mechanicalsystem with minimal dissipation is considered. As applicationsof the theory several problems are studied in detail.     

Electrical conductivity of N-methyl phenazinium tetracyanoquinodimethanide, (NMP) (TCNQ)

New conductivity, σ, vs. temperature, T, measurements on numerous (NMP)-(TCNQ) samples, as well as older data, can all be fit, in the range 65K<T<400K, by the simple expression σ = σ_oT^-αexp(-900/T). σ_o and α(3<α<4) are sample-dependent constants. We interpret this as representing an activated carrier concentration and strongly T-dependent mobility, μ. We can account for the magnitude and T-dependence of μ by a model involving interaction with the molecular vibrations through the known electron-phonon coupling constants of TCNQ^-.     

ESR and Theoretical Studies of Bis-Benzene-1, 2-Diselenolate Nickel and Related Complexes

Abstract

ESR and theoretical studies of the transition metal complexes of [Co and Ni (Se₂C₆H₄)₂]^? (n-C₄H₉)₄N⁺ are reported and compared with closely related systems. Room temperature single crystal X-ray studies reveal the Nickel complex is orthorhombic. ESR studies of the polycrystalline powders of the Ni complex as a function of temperature from 108 K to room temperature show a series of spectral envelopes which can arise only from a paramagnetic site which possesses axial symmetry. At ca 160 K, there is an abrupt change in the value of the principal components of the anisotropic g-tensor of the Ni complex which is discussed. Low temperature ESR studies of polycrystalline samples of the ground state triplet Cobalt complex which is isomorphous with the Nickel complex reveal an orthorhombic g-tensor. From the field position of the half-field resonance, it is possible to calculate a mean separation, of the two electrons which make up the triplet state, of 4.3 (±0.5) A.     

Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy study of the thermochromic phase transition in urethane-substituted polydiacetylenes

Threshold solid-state ionization energies determined from ultraviolet photoelectron spectra are reported for the thermochromic polydiacetylenes (PDAs) from the bis-ethyl- and bis-n-propyl urethanes of 5,7-dodecadiyn-1,12-diol (ETCD and PUDO, respectively) and the nonthermochromic 1,6-bis-p-toluenesulfonate of 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol (PTS) at temperatures above and below the thermochromic phase transition. PDA-PTS has an ionization energy of 5.66 eV which does not change significantly as the temperature is raised above 140 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, PDA-ETCD and PDA-PUDO have threshold ionization energies of 5.65 and 5.51 eV, respectively. The ionization energies of these PDAs increase by approximately 0.34 eV as temperature is raised above 140 degrees C and returns to the lower values as temperature is reduced to 25 degrees C. The magnitude of the increase in ionization energy on heating to temperatures above the thermochromic transition is very close to the shift in energy of the electronic spectrum over the same temperature range. These observations suggest that the structural changes that take place in the course of the thermochromic transition are primarily associated with the valence band and are consistent with partial relief of mechanical strains.     

Fusion around the barrier for 7Li+12C

Fusion cross-sections for the ⁷Li + ¹²C reaction have been measured at energies above the Coulomb barrier by the direct detection of evaporation residues. The heavy evaporation residues with energies below 3 MeV could not be separated out from the α-particles in the spectrum and hence their contribution was estimated using statistical model calculations. The present work indicates that suppression of fusion cross-sections due to the breakup of ⁷Li may not be significant for ⁷Li + ¹²C reaction at energies around the barrier.