Microwaves and cellular immunity. II. Immunostimulating effects of microwaves and naturally occurring antioxidant nutrients

The effect of 8.15-18 GHz (1 Hz within) microwave radiation at a power density of 1 microW/cm2 on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production and immune response was tested. A single 5 h whole-body exposure induced a significant increase in TNF production in peritoneal macrophages and splenic T cells. The mitogenic response in T lymphocytes increased after microwave exposure. The activation of cellular immunity was observed within 3 days after exposure. The diet containing lipid-soluble nutrients (beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and ubiquinone Q9) increased the activity of macrophages and T cells from irradiated mice. These results demonstrate that irradiation with low-power density microwaves stimulates the immune potential of macrophages and T cells, and the antioxidant treatment enhances the effect of microwaves, in particular at later terms, when the effect of irradiation is reduced.     

Bulk Modulus of Coarse-Crystalline and Nanocrystalline Silver Sulfides

Physics of the Solid State - The change in the bulk modulus of coarse-crystalline and nanocrystalline silver sulfides is determined in the temperature range 300–960 K using the experimental...     

Variation of the dispersity and phase composition of a ferrous oxide catalyst in the burning of an ammonium perchlorate-polymethylmethacrylate mixture

Products of conversion of the ferrous oxide catalyst collected from the burning region of an AP-PMMA mixture show the significant aggregation of the catalyst, with large (40–50 m) spherical particles having a metallic glitter. Significant variations in the phase composition are observed, Fe₃O₄·-Fe₂O₃ solid solution and tetragonal and monoclinic Fe₂O₃ being formed.

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- a-Fe₂O₃ . . ( 40–50 ) . : Fe₃O₄·-Fe₂O₃, Fe₂O₃.

     

Differential inhibition of postnatal brain,spinal cord and body growth by a growth hormone antagonist

Background  

Growth hormone (GH) plays an incompletely understood role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we use transgenic mice expressing a growth hormone antagonist (GHA) to explore the role of GH in regulating postnatal brain, spinal cord and body growth into adulthood. The GHA transgene encodes a protein that inhibits the binding of GH to its receptor, specifically antagonizing the trophic effects of endogenous GH.     

Effect of the Composition of the Aqueous Organic Solvent on the Kinetics of N-Acylation of α-Amino Acids with 4-Nitrophenyl 4-Nitrobenzoate

Equations relating the N-acylation rate constants of glycine, L--alanine, DL-threonine, and L-proline with 4-nitrophenyl 4-nitrobenzoate in water-acetonitrile, water-2-propanol, and water-2-methyl-2-propanol solvents to the composition of the medium were obtained, and reaction rate constants in water were calculated.     

Gas-chromatographic determination of O-isobutyl-S-2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX-like compound) and O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (Sarin) traces in slag

Procedures for the determination of 04sobutyl- S-2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate (VX-like compound) and sarin traces in slag at levels of 5 × 10^-5 and 1 × 10^-2 mg/kg, respectively, were developed. The procedures are based on the extraction of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents from slag, the preconcentration of the extract, and the conversion of the analytes into dialkyl methylphos-phonates with the use of optically active alcohols. In this case, a solution of AgNO₃ in 4-methyl-2-pentanol or a sodium alcoholate solution was used for the derivatization of VX or sarin, respectively. The resulting dias-tereomers were determined by gas chromatography with the use of a flame-photometric detector. The analysis time was no longer than 1.2 or 1 h for the VX-like compound or sarin, respectively.