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1.
Efficient measurement of the performance index (the distance of a loading parameter from the voltage collapse point) is one of the key problems in power system operations and planning and such an index indicates the severity of a power system with regard to voltage collapse. There exist many interesting methods and ideas to compute this index. However, some successful methods are not yet mathematically justified while other mathematically sound methods are often proposed directly based on the bifurcation theory and they require the initial stationary state to be too close to the unknown turning point to make the underlying methods practical.This paper first gives a survey of several popular methods for estimating the fold bifurcation point including the continuation methods, bifurcation methods and the test function methods (Seydel's direct solution methods, the tangent vector methods and the reduced Jacobian method) and discuss their relative advantages and problems. Test functions are usually based on scaling of the determinant of the Jacobian matrix and it is generally not clear how to determine the behaviour of such functions. As the underlying nonlinear equations are of a particular type, this allows us to do a new analysis of the determinants of the Jacobian and its submatrices in this paper. Following the analysis, we demonstrate how to construct a class of test functions with a predictable analytical behaviour so that a suitable index can be produced. Finally, examples of two test functions from this class are proposed. For several standard IEEE test systems, promising numerical results have been achieved. 相似文献
2.
Anwar Usman Suchada Chantrapromma Hoong‐Kun Fun 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(1):m45-m47
The title compound, bis(2,4‐dinitrophenolato‐κ2O,O′)(1,4,7,10,13,16‐hexaoxadecane‐κ6O)barium(II), [Ba(C6H3N2O5)2(C12H24O6)], is a 1:1 complex of barium(II)–2,4‐dinitrophenolate and 1,4,7,10,13,16‐hexaoxacyclooctadecane (18‐crown‐6). Its structure is located on a crystallographic inversion centre. The temperature dependence of the crystal structure has been studied. The monoclinic β angle of the P21/n space group increases with increasing temperature. The packing structure of the complex is stabilized by intermolecular C—H?O interactions. 相似文献
3.
In this paper, we apply Adomian decomposition method (shortly, ADM) to develop a fast and accurate algorithm of a special second-order ordinary initial value problems. The ADM does not require discretization and consequently of massive computations. This paper is particularly concerned with the ADM and the results obtained are compared with previously known results using the Quintic C2-spline integration methods. The numerical results demonstrate that the ADM is relatively accurate and easily implemented. 相似文献
4.
Anwar Usman Ibrahim Abdul Razak Hoong‐Kun Fun Suchada Chantrapromma Yan Zhang Jian‐Hua Xu 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(5):o287-o288
In the title compound, C18H13BrClNO3, the heterocyclic ring of the indole is distorted from planarity towards an envelope conformation. The orientations of the indole, oxetane, chloro and bromophenyl substituents are conditioned by the sp3 states of the spiro‐junction and the Cl‐attached C atoms. 相似文献
5.
The effects of some organic solvents and acids on the atomic fluorescence of tin in air-hydrogen flames have been examined. Ketones and alcohols greatly reduced the florescence sensitivity in fuel rich air-hydrogen flame whereas organic acids generally enhanced the fluorescence signal. The depressive effect of organic solvents was found to be highly dependent on the fuel to oxidant ratio in the flame. An attempt has been made to explain these effects, on the basis of possible reactions occurring in the flame.On leave from Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanOn leave from Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain 相似文献
6.
Anwar Usman Ibrahim Abdul Razak Suchada Chantrapromma Hoong‐Kun Fun Varughese Philip A. Sreekanth M. R. Prathapachandra Kurup 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(11):o652-o654
The title compound, C16H17N5S, is in the thione form and crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. In both molecules, the pentamethyleneimine five‐membered ring adopts an envelope conformation, and in one of the molecules this ring shows positional disorder. The thione S and hydrazine N atoms are in the Z configuration with respect to the C—N bond. 相似文献
7.
Ibrahim Abdul Razak Anwar Usman Hoong‐Kun Fun Bohari M. Yamin Nor Azilah Kasim 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(3):m162-m164
In the title compound, [Fe(C17H14P)2]2[Sb4Cl16]·C2H6O, the Fe atoms lie on inversion centres and the pairs of cyclopentadienyl rings are consequently in a fully staggered conformation. The centrosymmetric anionic clusters formed by [Sb4Cl16]4? are surrounded by the cations and are held together by weak C—H?Cl interactions. These formations stack along the a axis to form columns, and the columns are interconnected by another weak C—H?Cl interaction along the b axis. 相似文献
8.
Anwar Ali S.Sabir M.Tariq 《物理化学学报》2007,23(1):79-83
Measurements of density(ρ), viscosity(η), and refractive index(n), were carried out on α-amino acids, DL-solution at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. These measurements have been carried out to evaluate some important parameters, viz., apparent molar volume (φv), partial molar volume (φv0), transfer volume (φ0v (tr)), viscosity A and B coefficients of Jones-Dole equation, free energies of activation per mole of solvent (△μ0#1) and solute (△μ0#2),enthalpies (△H*) and entropies (△S*) of activation of viscous flow, variation of B with temperature ((a)B/(a)T)P, and molar refractive index (RD). These parameters have been interpreted in terms of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions and structure making/breaking ability of solutes in the given solution. 相似文献
9.
Hoong‐Kun Fun Qingli Hao Jiang Wu Xujie Yang Lude Lu Xin Wang Suchada Chantrapromma Ibrahim Abdul Razak Anwar Usman 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(2):m87-m88
In the structure of the title compound, [CuII(en)2][(EtO)2P(S)S]2 (en is ethylenediamine) or [Cu(C2H8N2)2](C4H10O2PS2)2, the Cu atom lies on a center of inversion and is coordinated in a slightly distorted square coordination geometry by four N atoms from two ethylenediamine molecules. The diethyl dithiophosphate moieties, (EtO)2P(S)S?, act as counter‐anions. 相似文献
10.
Phenols are converted to salicylaldehydes with paraformaldehyde, MgCl2-Et3N in THF, and subsequent treatment with methyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene)acetate gave the corresponding methyl ortho-hydroxycinnamate derivatives. The sequence is conveniently carried out as a one-pot procedure. 相似文献