Elemental distribution by synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence of prostate 3D cell culture

Prostate cancer is a highly prevalent disease and ranks second among malignant neoplasms that affect men around the world, behind lung cancer alone. Trace elements are very important and are involved in many cellular processes. The X-ray microfluorescence technique is an advanced tool of high spatial resolution, sensitivity, multielemental analysis, and nondestructiveness for trace element study. This study aimed to investigate the elemental distribution in spheroids obtained through the following human prostate cell lines using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence: tumor cell line androgen independent (DU145), tumor cell line androgen dependent (LNCaP), and normal cell line (RWPE-1). The measurements were performed with a standard geometry of 45° of incidence, excited by a white beam using a pixel of 25 μm and an acquisition time of 300 ms/pixel at the X-ray fluorescence beamline at the Synchrotron Light National Laboratory (Campinas, Brazil). The synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence results showed differences between groups in all elements analyzed and suggested that further studies should be performed to understand the relationship of these trace elements with the progression and development of the disease.     

Heteroclinic orbits between rotating waves of semilinear parabolic equations on the circle

We investigate heteroclinic orbits between equilibria and rotating waves for scalar semilinear parabolic reaction-advection-diffusion equations with periodic boundary conditions. Using zero number properties of the solutions and the phase shift equivariance of the equation, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a heteroclinic connection between any pair of hyperbolic equilibria or rotating waves.     

The spectrum of Nd in rare earth orthoaluminates. The trigonal to orthorhombic transition study of the level

Some structural and spectroscopic features of rare earth orthoaluminates are examined.The trigonal→ orthorhombic transition is studied in a series of Nd_xSm_1−xAlO₃ compounds. The evolution of the crystal structure is followed by X-ray analysis and optical absorption. The free ion and crystal field parameters of Nd³⁺ (4f³ configuration) are determined in LuAlO₃:Nd³⁺.The anomaly of the calculated splitting of the levels is slight, but well characterized in NdAlO₃. The spin correlated crystal field and orbitally correlated crystal field models are tested as well as an empirical correction which was proposed earlier.     

Exploring Little Higgs models with ATLAS at the LHC-

The European Physical Journal C - We discuss possible searches for the new particles predicted by Little Higgs Models at the LHC. By using a simulation of the ATLAS detector, we demonstrate how the...     

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis transitions of partially and fully substituted cellulose fatty esters

The main transitions of cellulose fatty esters with different degrees of substitution (DSs) were investigated with dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Two distinct main relaxations were observed in partially substituted cellulose esters (PSCEs). They were attributed to the glass‐transition temperature and to the chain local motion of the aliphatic substituents. The temperatures of both transitions decreased when DS or the number of carbon atoms (n) of the acyl substituent increased. Conversely, all the transitions of fully substituted cellulose esters occurred within a narrow temperature range, and they did not vary significantly with n. This phenomenon was explained by the formation of a crystalline phase of the fatty substituents. The presence of few residual OH groups in PSCEs was responsible for a large increase in the storage bending modulus, and it eliminated the effect of n on damping. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 281–288, 2003     

Analysis of Antennas with PBG Substrate

The use of photonic materials has been used in the theory of optical waves. The PBG (Photonic Band Gap) theory and material, was developed recently for optical frequencies and can be easily applied to millimeter waves, microwaves and planar antenna frequencies. The presence of photonic materials as substrate in antennas has some good characteristics such as, supression of light spontaneous emission and suppression of surface waves, allowing the application in planar antenna array. In this work an elaborate analysis using the full wave Transverse Transmission Line - TTL method, that provides efficient and concise results is applied to the planar antennas array with PBG substrate.     

Fragmentation during the formic acid/formaldehyde (eschweiler-clarke) methylation of polyamines

Eschweiler-Clarke methylations of both acyclic and cyclic polyamines can lead to methylation products of fragments of the original polyamine; thus 1,5,9,13-tetra-azatridecane yields 1,1,3,3-tetramethylpropanediamine exclusively and 1,5,9-triazacyclododecane gives 45% 1,5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclodecane and 45% 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,6,10-triazaundecane.