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A simplex procedure is shown to be an efficient approach for solving separation problems. The best solvent ratio for the separation of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin has been found by means of a two-dimensional simplex capable of expansion and contraction. A successful high-pressure liquid chromatography separation of lysophosphatidylcholine, phoaphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and phosphatidic acid was achieved with a 180-cm column packed with Corasil II and a solvent mixture of chloroform—methanol—ammonia (50.0:35.9:7.0, v/v/v). 相似文献
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Jeremy P. Koelmel Nicholas M. Kroeger Emily L. Gill Candice Z. Ulmer John A. Bowden Rainey E. Patterson Richard A. Yost Timothy J. Garrett 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2017,28(5):908-917
Untargeted omics analyses aim to comprehensively characterize biomolecules within a biological system. Changes in the presence or quantity of these biomolecules can indicate important biological perturbations, such as those caused by disease. With current technological advancements, the entire genome can now be sequenced; however, in the burgeoning fields of lipidomics, only a subset of lipids can be identified. The recent emergence of high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HR-MS/MS), in combination with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, has resulted in an increased coverage of the lipidome. Nevertheless, identifications from MS/MS are generally limited by the number of precursors that can be selected for fragmentation during chromatographic elution. Therefore, we developed the software IE-Omics to automate iterative exclusion (IE), where selected precursors using data-dependent topN analyses are excluded in sequential injections. In each sequential injection, unique precursors are fragmented until HR-MS/MS spectra of all ions above a user-defined intensity threshold are acquired. IE-Omics was applied to lipidomic analyses in Red Cross plasma and substantia nigra tissue. Coverage of the lipidome was drastically improved using IE. When applying IE-Omics to Red Cross plasma and substantia nigra lipid extracts in positive ion mode, 69% and 40% more molecular identifications were obtained, respectively. In addition, applying IE-Omics to a lipidomics workflow increased the coverage of trace species, including odd-chained and short-chained diacylglycerides and oxidized lipid species. By increasing the coverage of the lipidome, applying IE to a lipidomics workflow increases the probability of finding biomarkers and provides additional information for determining etiology of disease. 相似文献
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Thomas J. Rainey William O. S. Doherty D. Mark Martinez Richard J. Brown Neil A. Kelson 《Transport in Porous Media》2011,86(3):737-751
A one-dimensional pressure filtration model that can be used to predict the behaviour of bagasse pulp has been developed and
verified in this study. The dynamic filtration model uses steady state compressibility parameters determined experimentally
by uniaxial loading. The compressibility parameters M and N for depithed bagasse pulp were determined to be in the ranges 3000–8000 kPa and 2.5–3.0 units, respectively. The model also
incorporates experimentally determined steady state permeability data from separate experiments to predict the pulp concentration
and fibre pressure throughout a pulp mat during dynamic filtration. Under steady state conditions, a variable Kozeny factor
required different values for the permeability parameters when compared to a constant Kozeny factor. The specific surface
area was 25–30% lower and the swelling factor was 20–25% higher when a variable Kozeny factor was used. Excellent agreement
between experimental data and the dynamic filtration model was achieved when a variable Kozeny factor was used. 相似文献
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Twenty-four normal adult women read part of the Rainbow Passage and sustained vowels three trials each. Utterances were assessed for selected parameters measured by Visi-Pitch (average and SD of fundamental frequency (F0), average and SD of dBA, perturbation, and percent voiced/unvoiced/pause). Assessment of each parameter included measures of central tendency, dispersion, and distribution characteristics (skewness and kurtosis) of the data and of the ranges of values that would include 95% of the scores (95% fiduciary limits). Generally, differences for the group between the three trials were not significant. Intersubject variability for only a few parameters was less than 20% of the parameter's mean. For vowels, variability of jitter was 30–48% of the mean. Eight subjects provided performances 2 months later to obtain an estimate of intrasubject variability over time. There were desirable intrasubject correlations between performances for mean F0, jitter in reading and on vowels /i/ and /a/, and percent of voicing. Inter- and intrasubject variability seems restricted and the data appear to resemble a normally distributed function for mean F0 on reading, jitter on /i/, and percent of voicing. Thus, these parameters may have statistical merit for use in vocal testing. 相似文献
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John W. Rainey 《Numerische Mathematik》1969,13(4):316-322
A method for choosing certain matrices necessary for the tridiagonalization of an arbitrary, real, square matrix is sketched. As opposed to previous methods which choose modifications of matrices developed for other purposes, we choose these matrices on the basis of a direct examination of the essential computational problem occuring in sequential tridiagonalization and require that our choices have relatively small condition numbers.Department of Mathematics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506. Now of Department of Mathematics, University of Tulsa, 600 South College, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, U.S.A. 相似文献
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J. K. Brooks Kazuyuki Saitô JD Maitland Wright 《Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo》2003,52(1):5-14
LetA be aC*-algebra with second dualA″. Let (φ
n)(n=1,...) be a sequence in the dual ofA such that limφ
n(a) exists for eacha εA. In general, this does not imply that limφ
n(x) exists for eachx εA″. But if limφ
n(p) exists whenever p is the range projection of a positive self-adjoint element of the unit ball ofA, then it is shown that limφ
n(x) does exist for eachx inA″. This is a non-commutative generalisation of a celebrated theorem of Dieudonné. A new proof of Dieudonné’s theorem, for
positive measures, is given here. The proof of the main result makes use of Dieudonné’s original theorem. 相似文献
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Rainey MA Callaway K Barnes R Wilson B Dalby KN 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(30):10494-10495
Five hundred protein kinases phosphorylate 10 000 proteins in human cells. Frequently, more than one site in a protein is phosphorylated, and often by more than one protein kinase. The mechanistic basis underlying the overlapping specificity of the phospho-proteome is not well understood. We are interested in understanding why ERK2, a proline-directed protein kinase, phosphorylates only a fraction of the (S/T-P) sites found in the surface loops of proteins, at an appreciable rate. To address this fundamental question, we utilized a well-established protein substrate EtsDelta138, which comprises a globular ERK2-recognition domain (pnt domain) and an unstructured peptide-like N-terminal tail. This tail contains T38, the sole ERK2 phosphorylation site. We mutated the TP motif, which is recognized by the active site and found that mutagenesis of the T-38/P-39 motif to TD, TR, TA, TG, and TV has no effect on the stability of the ternary complex but does decrease kcat. We also investigated the effect of perturbing the binding between ERK2 and the pnt domain, which occurs outside the active site, to find that mutation of the pnt domain (F120A) leads to a 10-fold decrease in binding but the kcat remains the same. The data support a mechanism of proximity-mediated catalysis, where the docking of the pnt domain, outside the active site, increases the effective concentration of the TP motif near the active site. The data are consistent with the notion that the interaction between ERK2 and the pnt domain provides uniform binding energy and stabilizes each enzyme intermediate and transition state to an equal extent. While other steps on the reaction pathway contribute towards the specificity of the ERK2 reaction, a docking interaction provides the initial basis for substrate recognition. Those residues within the docked complex, which have the ability to access the active site with an appropriate geometry, can be phosphorylated at an efficient rate if followed by a proline or small hydrophobic amino acid. 相似文献