全文获取类型
收费全文 | 252篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 170篇 |
晶体学 | 6篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
数学 | 25篇 |
物理学 | 53篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 11篇 |
2012年 | 12篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 15篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 17篇 |
2007年 | 11篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1950年 | 1篇 |
1946年 | 1篇 |
1943年 | 1篇 |
1942年 | 1篇 |
1941年 | 1篇 |
1940年 | 1篇 |
1923年 | 1篇 |
1885年 | 2篇 |
1884年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有260条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
A pair of coupled classical oscillators with a general potential and general form of coupling is investigated. For general
potentials, the single-frequency solution is shown to be stable for small excitations. For special potentials, such system
remains stable for an arbitrary excitation. In both cases, the stability does not depend on the form of coupling. Transition
to the instability regime follows from the way how nonlinear potential entrains the energy transfer between the oscillators.
Relation between the existence of multi-frequency quasi-periodic or periodic solutions and the instability of single-frequency
ones is discussed. 相似文献
3.
Jochen Alber Jií Fiala 《Journal of Algorithms in Cognition, Informatics and Logic》2004,52(2):134-151
We consider the parameterized problem, whether for a given set
of n disks (of bounded radius ratio) in the Euclidean plane there exists a set of k non-intersecting disks. For this problem, we expose an algorithm running in time
that is—to our knowledge—the first algorithm with running time bounded by an exponential with a sublinear exponent. For λ-precision disk graphs of bounded radius ratio, we show that the problem is fixed parameter tractable with a running time
. The results are based on problem kernelization and a new “geometric (
-separator) theorem” which holds for all disk graphs of bounded radius ratio. The presented algorithm then performs, in a first step, a “geometric problem kernelization” and, in a second step, uses divide-and-conquer based on our new “geometric separator theorem.” 相似文献
4.
5.
The steps of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) photoreduction and subsequent chlorophyllide (Chlide) transformations which occur in the seconds to minutes time-scale were studied using a diode array spectrofluorometer in dark-grown barley leaves. The intensity of the excitation light was varied between 3 and 2,500 micromol m(-2) s(-1) and a series of fluorescence spectra were recorded at room temperature in the seconds and minutes time scales. In certain experiments, 77-K emission spectra were measured with the same equipment. The high quality of the spectra allowed us to run spectral resolution studies which proved the occurrence, at room temperature, of multiple Pchlide and Chlide forms found previously in 77-K spectra. The comparison of the 77-K and room-temperature spectra showed that the fluorescence yields of the nonphotoactive 633-nm Pchlide form and of the Chlide product emitting at 678 nm were temperature independent. The fluorescence intensity of aggregated NADPH-pigment-POR complexes (photoactive 656-nm Pchlide and 693-nm Chlide forms) were strongly increased at 77 K, while that of the NADP(+)-Chlide-POR (684-686-nm Chlide form) was much less affected by temperature. Information was obtained also about the dynamics of the transformation of pigment forms in the light at different photon densities. At low light intensities, the phototransformation of the 642-644-nm Pchlide form was faster than that of the 654-656-nm form. The relative amplitudes of Gaussian components related to different Chlide forms found after exposure to a constant amount of photons strongly depended on the light intensity used. Strong quenching of all Chlide components occurred upon prolonged exposure to high intensity light. These effects are discussed by considering the interconversion processes between different forms of the pigment-protein complexes, their relative fluorescence yields and energy migration processes. 相似文献
6.
Dieter Seebach Laurent Schaeffer Franois Gessier Pascal Bindschdler Corinna Jger Delphine Josien Sascha Kopp Grald Lelais YogeshR. Mahajan Peter Micuch Radovan Sebesta BerndW. Schweizer 《Helvetica chimica acta》2003,86(6):1852-1861
Multigram amounts of suitably protected β2‐amino acids with 17 of the 20 proteinogenic side chains are prepared by diastereoselective reactions of Li, B, or Ti enolates of the corresponding 3‐acyl‐4‐isopropyl‐5,5‐diphenyloxazolidin‐2‐ones (acyl‐DIOZ; 1 ) with appropriate electrophiles (amidomethylation, hydroxyalkylation, (benzyloxycarbonyl)methylation) in yields of 55–90% and with diastereoselectivities of 80 to >97% (Scheme). The primary products 2 – 8 thus obtained are converted to protected β2‐amino acids by standard procedures (Table 1). Many of the DIOZ derivatives are highly crystalline compounds (31 X‐ray crystal structures in Table 2). The chiral auxiliary DIOZ, readily prepared in either enantiomeric form, is recovered with high yield. 相似文献
7.
William Vidaver Radovan Popovic Douglas Bruce Konrad Colbow 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1981,34(5):633-636
Abstract— Three phases of chlorophyll a fluorescence quenching by O2 are observed in green plants. The effects of various inhibitors on photosynthetic partial processes in chloroplasts were investigated in attempts to (1) localize the O2 -quenching sites and (2) assess possible physiological significance of O2 -quenching. Our results localize the most sensitive (and presumably functionally important) phase to a site between plastoquinone and the photosystem I acceptor, chlorophyll (P700 ), possibly plastocyanin. It is suggested that PC may transfer electrons to oxygen in addition to P700 . 相似文献
8.
Let X = {x1, x2,…} be a finite set and associate to every xi a real number αi. Let f(n) [g (n)] be the least value such that given any family of subsets of X having maximum degree n [cardinality n], one can find integers αi, i=1,2,… so that αi ? αi|<1 and for all . We prove . 相似文献
9.
Radovan Hynek Iva Michalus Pavel Cejnar Jiří Šantrůček Sabina Seidlová Štěpánka Kučková Petra Sázelová Václav Kašička 《Electrophoresis》2021,42(23):2552-2562
Proteomic characterization of alveolar bones in oral surgery represents an analytical challenge due to their insoluble character. The implementation of a straightforward technique could lead to the routine use of proteomics in this field. This work thus developed a simple technique for the characterization of bone tissue for human maxillary and mandibular bones. It is based on the direct in-bone tryptic digestion of proteins in both healthy and pathological human maxillary and mandibular bone samples. The released peptides were then identified by the LC-MS/MS. Using this approach, a total of 1120 proteins were identified in the maxillary bone and 1151 proteins in the mandibular bone. The subsequent partial least squares–discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) of protein data made it possible to reach 100% discrimination between the samples of healthy alveolar bones and those of the bone tissue surrounding the inflammatory focus. These results indicate that the in-bone protein digestion followed by the LC-MS/MS and subsequent statistical analysis can provide a deeper insight into the field of oral surgery at the molecular level. Furthermore, it could also have a diagnostic potential in the differentiation between the proteomic patterns of healthy and pathological alveolar bone tissue. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD026775. 相似文献
10.
Ewelina Skowron Kaja Spilarewicz-Stanek Dariusz Guziejewski Kamila Koszelska Radovan Metelka Sylwia Smarzewska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(7)
The analytical performance of the clay paste electrode and graphene paste electrode was compared using square wave voltammetry (SWV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The comparison was made on the basis of a paracetamol (PA) determination on both working electrodes. The influence of pH and SWV parameters was investigated. The linear concentration ranges were found to be 6.0 × 10−7–3.0 × 10−5 and 2.0 × 10−6–8.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 for clay paste electrode (ClPE) and graphene paste electrode (GrPE), respectively. The detection and quantification limits were calculated as 1.4 × 10−7 and 4.7 ×10−7 mol L−1 for ClPE and 3.7 × 10−7 and 1.2 × 10−6 mol L−1 for GrPE, respectively. Developed methods were successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations analyses. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize ClPE and GrPE surfaces. Clay composition was examined with wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDXRF). 相似文献