计量累积和控制图方案设计的选择

常规控制图已广泛应用于生产,国家标准<计数型累积和图>GB4887-85的实施,使得判断生产“过程”异常具有更高的灵敏度,能更经济地保证产品质量,它是常规控制图的改进与发展.在常规控制图中,为了使控制图能对小偏差有较快的反映,一般用缩小控制界线,如将3σ限改为2σ限,但会导致第一类误判率大大升高.而累积和方法可以通过对方案参数的适当选择使控制图在第一类误判率并不明显升高的情况下对小偏差反映敏感.此外,累积和方法还允许针对各种需要设计出特别适于发现某个偏差,例如1.5σ_e 的     

铟参与的4-溴-1，1，1-三氟-2-丁烯与α-烷氧基醛亚胺的烯丙化反应：4，4，4-三氟-γ-羟基缬氨酸的合成

铟参与的4-溴-1,1,1-三氟-2-丁烯与α-烷氧基醛亚胺的烯丙化反应以中等的产率和高非对映选择性生成了高烯丙基胺3.从甘油醛亚胺和4-溴-1,1,1-三氟-2-丁烯反应制备的高烯丙基胺3g出发,以7步反应24%的总产率合成了4,4,4-三氟-γ-羟基缬氨酸11.     

分光光度法研究镧与间乙酰基偶氮氯膦(CPAmA)配合物的形成反应

本文用分光光度法研究了间乙酰基偶氮氯膦试剂在水溶液中的离解作用和质子化作用;镧与间乙酰基偶氮氯膦配合物的组成和β型配合物形成反应的条件和动力学特征,并测定了α型配合物的积累稳定常数     

3-芳基-6-对甲苯甲酰氨基均三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑的合成及生物活性

利用3-芳基-4-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-均三唑和对甲苯甲酰异硫氰酸酯在乙腈中反应, 得到一系列3-芳基-6-对甲苯甲酰氨基均三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑, 用¹H NMR, IR, MS和元素分析确定了其结构, 并对其进行了抗菌活性测试.     

循环肿瘤细胞捕获材料的研究进展

循环肿瘤细胞( circulating tumor cells,CTCs)是在肿瘤发展过程中,从肿瘤部位脱落并侵入外周血液中的肿瘤细胞,被认为携带有关肿瘤产生、发展和转移的重要信息,与肿瘤转移密切相关[1].它是肿瘤新转移灶形成的前提,被认为是肿瘤组织转移的"种子",可看作原发灶肿瘤细胞与转移灶肿瘤细胞之间的中间过渡态...     

用方阵乘幂求和法求线性方程组的数值解

介绍了一种新型的,不同于传统的雅克比或高斯塞德尔迭代法的,求解线性方程组的方阵乘幂求和法,并引入了方阵意义上求积分的龙贝格法.该算法成立须以方阵A为实阵,非奇异且主对角元素占优.该法较雅克比或高斯塞德尔迭代的计算量小,特别有助于求解大型线性方程组的问题.     

近红外光谱法测定蜂蜜中主要成分的可行性研究

以153个单植物源和混合植物源蜂蜜样品为研究对象,使用３种近红外光谱仪(FT型、CCD型、PDA型)采集蜂蜜的透反射和透射光谱,并应用近红外定量分析技术进行蜂蜜中主要成分(水分含量、果糖含量、葡萄糖含量)的检测研究。用偏最小二乘回归(partial least square repression, PLSR)方法分别建立了蜂蜜水分含量、果糖含量、葡萄糖含量的近红外定量分析模型。结果表明,水分含量、果糖含量、葡萄糖含量的相关系数(r)分别达到0.978 5, 0.931 1和0.890 7,预测误差均方根(RMSEP)分别为0.410 8(%), 1.914 4(%)和2.531 9(%)。研究表明基于近红外光谱的蜂蜜主要成分快速无损检测准确度高,具有很高的实用价值。     

HPLC-DAD data coupled with second-order calibration method applied to food analysis: Simultaneous determination of six benzoylurea insecticides in various fruit samples by selecting time region of chromatogram

This work presents a novel application of second-order calibration based on self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition(SWATLD)algorithm for analyzing the HPLC-DAD data.The proposed method makes it possible to simultaneously determine teflubenzuron,hexaflumuron,flufenoxuron,chlorfluazuron,diflubenzuron and benzoylurea in different fruit samples,i.e.pear,apple and banana,in the selected time region of chromatogram.The concentration,elution time and spectral information of these benzoylurea insecticides are selectively extracted from complex matrices even in the presence of unknown interferences.The root-mean-square error of prediction(RMSEP)and figures of merit,including sensitivity(SEN),selectivity(SEL)and limit of detection(LOD)are employed to access the performance of the method.The LODs obtained for these insecticides are within the range 0.017–0.26 ppm in pears,0.039–0.33 ppm in apples,0.041–0.44 ppm in bananas,respectively.Such a chemometrics-based protocol holds great potential to be extended as a promising alternative for more practical applications in food safety and quality monitoring.     

Antibacterial cotton fabric prepared by a “grafting to” strategy using a QAC copolymer

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) have outstanding antimicrobial effect, but covalent immobilization of plentiful QAC onto cotton fiber surface to realize a durable function remains a challenge. Herein, a quaternary ammonium monomer, [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) was co-polymerized with methyl acrylate (MA) to prepare an antibacterial copolymer, poly(DMC-co-MA). To graft the copolymer with an improved grafting efficiency, cotton fabric was treated using carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) to establish an amino-functionalized fiber surface first. This treatment allows the amidation reactions between the amino groups and the pendant ester groups in the poly(DMC-co-MA) to take place, achieving a durable anionic polymer coating onto the fiber surfaces with remarkably antibacterial effect. Characterization results indicated that when DMC/MA monomer ratio was 100:1, the resulting copolymer endows the modified cotton fabric with antibacterial capability that inactivates all Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Even after 50 laundering cycles, more than 98.0% of the antibacterial rate could still be retained. Moreover, the wearing comfort properties such as softness, water absorption and air permeability of the finishing cotton fabrics have been insignificantly changed by comparing to the untreated cotton fabric.

     

QuEChERS/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定柑橘中7种酚类环境激素

建立了QuEChERS/高效液相色谱－串联质谱（QuEChERS/HPLC－MS/MS）同时检测柑橘中7种酚类环境激素的分析方法。柑橘样品均质粉碎后采用乙腈（含0.1%甲酸）超声提取,氯化钠盐析,经N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）+C18粉末吸附剂净化,目标化合物经Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱（50 mm × 2.1 mm,1.7 μm）分离,以水（含0.5 mmol/L乙酸铵）和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱。考察了不同提取溶剂、提取时间、提取溶剂体积、吸附剂种类和用量对目标化合物回收率的影响。结果表明：在最佳条件下,双酚A（BPA）、壬基酚（NP）、双酚F（BPF）在0.5～100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,双酚B（BPB）、双酚S（BPS）、4-n-壬基酚（4-n-NP）、4-n-辛基酚（4-n-OP）在0.2～100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r2）均不小于0.994 1,检出限（LOD）为0.2～0.5 μg/L,定量下限（LOQ）为0.5～1.5 μg/L。在10、250、500 μg/kg 3个加标水平下,目标化合物的回收率为88.5%～109%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%～9.0%。应用该方法对市售的8种柑橘样品进行检测,BPA在7种柑橘中均检出,4-n-OP在5种柑橘中检出,NP和4-n-NP在3种柑橘中检出,BPB在1种柑橘中检出,BPF、BPS在所有样品中均未检出。该方法操作简单、快速灵敏、定量准确、精密度高,适用于柑橘中7种酚类环境激素的测定。