Rheokinetic features of the initial steps of curing of oligodiene-urethane prepolymer with a hydroxyl-containing curing agent at equimolecular ratio of the reactive groups

Rheokinetic studies of curing of oligodiene-urethane prepolymer with a hydroxyl-containing curing agent at the molar ratio NCO/OH = 1.0 were performed. In the initial step of curing, catalyltic formation of polydiene-urethane follows a second-order equation, whereas the urethane formation step is adequately described by a kinetic equation with an autoacceleration effect.     

Investigation of the effect of catalysts on the foaming parameters of compositions and properties of elastic polydieneurethane foams

The results of investigations on the establishment of the interrelations between the foaming parameters and properties of polydieneurethane foams are presented. It is shown that the combined application of tertiary amines and organotin compounds as catalysts for urethane formation allows attainment of synchronization of kinetic parameters, which facilitates the production of materials with a uniform fine meshed structure and improved physicomechanical properties.     

The influence of a fluoroorganic modifier—stillage residues of alcohol-telomeres—on properties of filled poldienurethanes

The results of an investigation of the influence of stillage residues of polyfluorinated alcoholtelomeres on the properties of polydienurethane compositions and elastomers based on them are presented. It is shown that such modification allows one to raise the sedimentation stability of the compositions and increase the characteristics of physicochemical and dynamic properties of elastomers.     

Peculiarities of the production of materials based on polysulfide oligomer-polymerizable compound compositions cured in the presence of manganese oxide

The effect of the physicochemical structure of polymerizable compounds on the curing process, structure, and properties of the materials based on liquid thiocols is studied. It is shown that the introduction of oligoacrylates in the amount of 2.5–10 vol % increases the extent of cross-linking, content of gel fraction, and stress-strain parameters of elastomers and leads to smoothing of the material surface microrelief and decrease of the amount of micropores, which facilitates reduction in swelling ofelastomers in aggressive media.     

Self-injection length in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-YBa2Cu3O7-δ ferromagnet-superconductor multilayer thin films

We have carried out extensive studies on the self-injection problem in barrierless heterojunctions between La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO) and YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ (YBCO) thin films. The heterojunctions were formed in situ by sequentially growing LCMO and YBCO films on 〈100〉 LaAlO₃ (LAO) substrate using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system. YBCO micro-bridges with 64 μm width were patterned both on the LAO (control) and LCMO side of the substrate. Critical current, I _c, was measured at 77 K on both the control side as well as the LCMO side for different YBCO film thickness. It was observed that while the control side showed a J _c of ∼ 2 × 10⁶ A/cm², the LCMO side showed about half the value for the same thickness (1800 ?). The difference in J _c indicates that a certain thickness of YBCO has become ‘effectively’ normal due to self-injection. From the measurement of J _c at two different thicknesses (1800 ? and 1500 ?) of YBCO films both on the LAO as well as the LCMO side, the value of self-injection length (at 77 K) was estimated to be ∼ 900 ?. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first time that self-injection length has been quantified. A control experiment carried out with LaNiO₃ deposited by PLD on YBCO did not show any evidence of self-injection.     

Study of magnetoresistance and conductance of bicrystal grain boundary in La0.67Ba0.33MnO3 thin film

La_0.67Ba_0.33MnO₃ (LBMO) thin film is deposited on a 36.7°C SrTiO₃ bicrystal substrate using laser ablation technique. A microbridge is created across bicrystal grain boundary and its characteristics are compared with a microbridge on the LBMO film having no grain boundary. Presence of grain boundary exhibits substantial magnetoresistance ratio (MRR) in the low field and low temperature region. Bicrystal grain boundary contribution in MRR disappears at temperature T>175 K. At low temperature, I-V characteristic of the microbridge across bicrystal grain boundary is nonlinear. Analysis of temperature dependence of dynamic conductance-voltage characteristics of the bicrystal grain boundary indicates that at low temperatures (T<175 K) carrier transport across the grain boundary in LBMO film is dominated by inelastic tunneling via pairs of manganese atoms and tunneling through disordered oxides. At higher temperatures (T>175 K), magnetic scattering process is dominating. Decrease of bicrystal grain boundary contribution in magnetoresistance with the increase in temperature is due to enhanced spin-flip scattering process.     

Molar extinction coefficients of some carbohydrates in aqueous solutions

Molar extinction coefficients of some carbohydrates viz. l-arabinose (C₅H₁₀O₅), d-glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), d-mannose (C₆H₁₂O₆), d-galactose (C₆H₁₂O₆), d(-) fructose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and maltose (C₁₂H₂₄O₁₂) in aqueous solutions have been determined at 81, 356, 511, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV by gamma ray transmission method in a narrow beam good geometry set-up. These coefficients have been found to depend upon the photon energy following a 4-parameter polynomial. These extinction coefficients for different sugars having the same molecular formula have same values varying within experimental uncertainty. Within concentration ranges studied, Beer-Lambert law is obeyed very well.     

Pitfalls in the experimental recording of ultrasonic (backscatter) polar scans for material characterization

The ultrasonic polar scan (UPS), either in transmission, reflection or backscatter mode, is a promising non-destructive testing technique for the characterization of composites, providing information about the mechanical anisotropy, the viscoelastic damping, the surface roughness, and more. At present, the technique is merely being used for qualitative purposes. The limited quantitative exploration and use of the technique can be primarily ascribed to limitations of current theoretical models as well as the difficulty to perform accurate, and more importantly, reproducible UPS experiments. Over the last years, we have identified several potential pitfalls in the experimental implementation of the technique which severely deteriorate the accurateness and reproducibility of a UPS. In this paper, we make an inventory of the most important difficulties, illustrate each of them by a real experiment and present a feasible mediation, either numerical or experimental in nature. Once the experimental set-up is fine-tuned to overcome these pitfalls, it is expected that the recording of high-level UPS experiments, in combination with numerical computations, will facilitate the technique to become a fully quantitative non-destructive characterization method.     

Diagnostics and doppler tomography of liquid flows with ultrasonic phase conjugation

Acoustical Physics - The potential of ultrasonic velocimetry and mapping for liquid flows in a model and real biological media is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically using the technique...