Theoretic quantum information entropies for the generalized hyperbolic potential

The Shannon entropy (S) and the Fisher Information (I) entropies are investigated for a generalized hyperbolic potential in position and momentum spaces. First, the Schrodinger equation is solved exactly using the Nikiforov-Uvarov-Functional Analysis method to obtain the energy spectra and the corresponding wave function. By Fourier transforming the position space wave function, the corresponding momentum wave function was obtained for the low-lying states corresponding to the ground and first excited states. The positions and momentum of Shannon entropy and Fisher Information entropies were calculated numerically. Finally, the Bialynicki-Birula and Mycielski and the Stam-Cramer-Rao inequalities for the Shannon entropy and Fisher Information entropies, respectively, were tested and were found to be satisfied for all cases considered.     

Some modifications of the quasilinearization method with higher-order convergence for solving nonlinear BVPs

In this paper, modifications of the quasilinearization method with higher-order convergence for solving nonlinear differential equations are constructed. A general technique for systematically obtaining iteration schemes of order m (?>?2) for finding solutions of highly nonlinear differential equations is developed. The proposed iterative schemes have convergence rates of cubic, quartic and quintic orders. These schemes were further applied to bifurcation problems and to obtain critical parameter values for the existence and uniqueness of solutions. The accuracy and validity of the new schemes is tested by finding accurate solutions of the one-dimensional Bratu and Frank-Kamenetzkii equations.     

Application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization to on-line aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectra were obtained from single biological aerosol particles using an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS). The inlet to the ATOFMS was coupled with an evaporation/condensation flow cell that allowed the aerosol to be coated with matrix material as the sampled stream entered the spectrometer. Mass spectra were generated from aerosol composed either of gramicidin-S or erythromycin, two small biological molecules, or from aerosolised spores of Bacillus subtilis var niger. Three different matrices were used: 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol, picolinic acid and sinapinic acid. A spectrum of gramicidin-S was generated from approximately 250 attomoles of material using a molar ratio of 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol to analyte of approximately 20:1. A single peak, located at 1224 Da, was obtained from the bacterial spores. The washing liquid and extract solution from the spores were analyzed using electrospray mass spectrometry and subsequent MS/MS product ion experiments. This independent analysis suggests that the measured species represents part of the B. subtilis peptidoglycan. The on-line addition of matrix allows quasi-real-time chemical analysis of individual, aerodynamically sized particles, with an overall system residence time of less than 5 seconds. These results suggest that a MALDI-ATOFMS can provide nearly real-time identification of biological aerosols. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Convection from a stretching surface with suction and power-law variation in species concentration

The problem of laminar natural convection flow from a permeable semi-infinite accelerating vertical surface that is coated with a reacting chemical species is studied. The plate velocity and the species concentration vary as power laws. The fundamental parameters of the problem are the Schmidt number, the surface permeability and the reaction rate. The governing equations were transformed to a non-similar form and then solved analytically and numerically using the Keller box method. A parametric study illustrating the effects of the flow parameters on the velocity and the concentration fields was conducted and the physical aspects of the problem discussed. The study found, inter alia, that the fluid motion is decelerated by increases in the permeability of the accelerating surface and that the rate of mass transfer increases with Schmidt numbers but reduces with increasing reaction rates and the porosity of the accelerating surface.     

Viscous Dissipation and Thermal Radiation Effects on Mixed Convection from a Vertical Plate in a Non-Darcy Porous Medium

The paper presents an investigation of the influence of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on the mixed convective flow due to a vertical plate immersed in a non-Darcy porous medium saturated with a Newtonian fluid. The physical properties of the fluid are assumed to be constant. The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using a shooting method. The results are analyzed for the effects of various physical parameters such as viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, mixed convection parameters, and the modified Reynolds number on dynamics. The heat transfer coefficient is also tabulated for different values of the physical parameters.     

A multistage linearisation approach to a four-dimensional hyperchaotic system with cubic nonlinearity

This paper reports on a new multistage extension of the successive linearisation method to a four-dimensional chaotic system that generates various complex attractors for different parameter values. The solutions are found by subdividing the domain into several intervals in which the linearisation method is used to find approximate solutions that are then matched across all the intervals. The solutions and phase portraits for the cyclic and chaotic cases are given. Finally we compare this approach to the Runge?CKutta based ode45 solver and other results in the literature to show that the multistage linearisation method gives accurate results.     

铂络合物的反相离子对色谱

在反相离子对色谱中,研究了四种离子对试剂对铂络合物保留值的影响。用流动相中离子-偶极作用物和铂络合物的结构说明了保留机理。用NaCl作内标测定了顺式-二氨-1,1-环丁二羧酸铂(Ⅱ)(碳铂)和顺式二氯二氨合铂(Ⅱ)(顺铂)样品,七次配样测定得到满意的回收率,相对标准偏差分别为0.7%和0.5%,检出限为75ng/ml和0.23μg/ml。     

Facile shape and size-controlled growth of uniform magnetite and hematite nanocrystals with tunable properties

Monodispersed magnetite Fe3O4 and hematite α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals have been grown in co-solvents of alcohol and water. Either the shape or the size of the nanocrystals could be easily controlled. Both the phases and nanostructures have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction patterns and electron microscopy. The magnetic and catalytic properties of these products were investigated and compared with each other. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that these iron oxide nanocrystals are soft ferromag...     

Free magnetohydrodynamic flow and convection from a vertical spinning cone with cross-diffusion effects

A study of cross-diffusion effects on convection from a vertically spinning cone under the influence of an external magnetic field is considered. The non-linear two-point boundary value problem governing the flow is solved numerically. Two different types of surface heating, namely linear surface temperature (LST) and linear surface heat flux (LSHF) are considered. A parametric study addressing the effects of various flow parameters on the fluid properties, the skin friction, heat and mass transfer coefficients is given.     

Shannon entropy and Fisher information for screened Kratzer potential

In this paper, Shannon entropy and Fisher information is studied for the screened Kratzer potential model and compared with the screened Coulomb in three dimensions. Our results showed similar higher-order characteristic behavior for position and momentum space. Our numerical results showed that increases in the accuracy of predicting particle location occurred in the position space. Our result shows that the sum of the position and momentum entropies satisfies the lower-bound Berkner, Bialynicki-Birula, and Mycieslki inequality. The Stam-Cramer-Rao inequalities relation for Fisher information and the expectation values were also satisfied for the different eigenstates.