相对论平均场理论对Pb同位素位移的研究

运用变形的相对论平均场理论研究了Pb同位素链的基态性质. 对关联的处理采用了BCS方法, 不成对核子的处理运用了“阻塞”法. 计算的结果很好地符合了实验上Pb的平均结合能, 中子分离能, 同位素位移. 接着从原子核的微观结构出发, 比较详细地研究了Pb链同位素位移出现反常扭折这一重要性质的物理机制.     

Network modules help the identification of key transport routes,signaling pathways in cellular and other networks

Complex systems are successfully reduced to interacting elements via the network concept. Transport plays a key role in the survival of networks – for example the specialized signaling cascades of cellular networks filter noise and efficiently adapt the network structure to new stimuli. However, our general understanding of transport mechanisms and signaling pathways in complex systems is yet limited. Here we summarize the key network structures involved in transport, list the solutions available to overloaded systems for relaxing their load and outline a possible method for the computational determination of signaling pathways. We highlight that in addition to hubs, bridges and the network skeleton, the overlapping modular structure is also essential in network transport. Path‐lenghts in the module‐space of the yeast protein‐protein interaction network indicated that module‐based paths may cross fewer modular boundaries than shortest paths. Moreover, by locating network elements in the space of overlapping network modules and evaluating their distance in this ‘module space’, it may be possible to approximate signaling pathways computationally, which, in turn could serve the identification of signaling pathways of complex systems. Our model may be applicable in a wide range of fields including traffic control or drug design.     

Selective synthesis and reactivity of eta5-arylcyclohexadienyliron complexes

A series of aryl-substituted cyclohexadienyliron complexes have been prepared by a general procedure that determines regioselectivity by correctly positioning leaving groups in the precursor complexes. The aryl groups at 1-C or 2-C have been shown to be omega directing by the study of reactions with a representative range of nucleophiles, and these regioselectivity properties have been related to the spectroscopic properties of the cationic cyclohexadienyliron complexes. A high level of electron-donating substituents on the arene, or switching between the [Fe(CO)3] and [Fe(CO)2PPh3] series, reduces the minor ipso pathway, improving regiocontrol. Placing opposed directing groups in the arylcyclohexadienyliron complexes reverts reactivity to the ipso pathway with stabilised enolate nucleophiles, and when the additional directing group reinforces the effect of the aryl group, the ipso pathway is stopped.