Conductometric study of the mixing behaviour of sodium benzoate and salicylate with an anionic surfactant sodium lauroylsarcosinate

Effects of two anionic hydrotropes – sodium benzoate (NaBz) and sodium salicylate (NaSal) – on the mixed-micelle formation with an amino-acid-based surfactant – sodium lauroylsarcosinate (SLS) – in water were investigated by the conductometric method. Specific conductivity was measured for SLS/NaBz/water and SLS/NaSal/water systems to determine the critical micelle concentration (cmc). Using the regular solution theory for non-ideal mixing, the pairwise interaction parameter, β₁₂, and micellar composition, χ, were estimated in the mixed micelle. The cmc values of the surfactant–hydrotropes mixtures were generally lower than those predicted from the ideal mixing theory. The β₁₂ values are generally negative for the two systems at all mole fractions with an average value of ?2.83 for the SLS/NaBz and ?3.31 for SLS/NaSal systems, respectively, indicative of a strong attractive interaction between the SLS/NaBz and SLS/NaSal mixed micelle. The calculated thermodynamic parameters of micellisation all indicated spontaneity in mixed-micelle formation for the systems studied.     

Algorithms for a system of generalized mixed equilibrium problems and a countable family of some nonlinear multi-valued nonexpansive-type maps

In this paper, relaxed iterative algorithms of Krasnoselskii-type and Halperntype that approximate a solution of a system of a generalized mixed equilibrium problem and a common fixed point of a countable family of totally quasi-φ-asymptotically nonexpansive multi-valued maps are constructed. Strong convergence of the sequence generated by these algorithms is proved in uniformly smooth and strictly convex real Banach spaces with KadecKlee property. Furthermore, several applications of our theorems are also presented. Finally,our theorems are significant improvements on several important recent results for this class of nonlinear problems.     

Hydration of high-alumina calcium aluminate cements with carbonate and sulfate additives

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - This study investigated the influence of limestone (LS) and calcium sulfate (C$) mineral additives on the hydration kinetics of high-α-Al2O3...