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Energy spectra for decaying 2D turbulence in a bounded domain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We use results derived in the framework of the replica approach to study the liquid-glass thermodynamic transition. The main results are derived without using replicas and applied to the study of the Lennard-Jones binary mixture introduced by Kob and Andersen. We find that there is a phase transition due to the entropy crisis. We compute both analytically and numerically the value of the phase transition point T(K) and the specific heat in the low temperature phase. 相似文献
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Mora JF Van Berkel GJ Enke CG Cole RB Martinez-Sanchez M Fenn JB 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2000,35(8):939-952
Editorial Comment Last month we presented, as a Special Feature, a set of five articles that constituted a Commentary on the fundamentals and mechanism of electrospray ionization (ESI). These articles produced some lively discussion among the authors on the role of electrochemistry in ESI. Six authors participated in a detailed exchange of views on this topic, the final results of which constitute this month's Special Feature. We particularly hope that younger scientists will find value in this month's Special Feature, not only for the science that it teaches but also what it reveals about the processes by which scientific conclusions are drawn. To a degree, the contributions part the curtains on these processes and show science in action. We sincerely thank the contributors to this discussion. The give and take of intellectual debate is not always easy, and to a remarkable extent this set of authors has maintained good humor and friendships, even when disagreeing strongly on substance. Graham Cooks and Richard Caprioli Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Van Berkel GJ Quirke JM Adams CL 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2000,14(10):849-858
A survey of derivatization strategies and prospective derivatization reactions for conversion of simple alkenes and alkynes to 'electrospray-active' species is presented. General synthetic strategies are discussed and illustrative examples of prospective derivatives prepared from model compounds are presented along with their electrospray ionization (ES) mass spectra. The identified derivatives of these neutral, nonpolar analytes are either ionic or are ionizable in solution through Bronsted acid/base chemistry, by Lewis acid/base chemistry, or by chemical or electrochemical electron-transfer chemistry. Once ionized, the derivatives are expected to be amenable to detection by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Derivatives are identified for positive and negative ion analysis of both alkenes and alkynes. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Toribio-Delgado AF Maynar-Mariño M Caballero-Loscos MJ Robles-Gil MC Olcina-Camacho GJ Maynar-Mariño JI 《Journal of chromatographic science》2012,50(4):349-357
Studying the plasma steroid profile offers information about the possible existence of endocrinological alterations. This study describes the development and validation of gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric and gas tandem mass spectrometric methods for the simultaneous identification of 17 steroid hormones in human plasma using five different solvents. The n-hexane/ethyl acetate solvent mixture, in a proportion of 70/30 (v/v) provided the best results. The extracts were derivatized with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide. The obtained limits of detection were below 1 ng/mL in the majority of the studied steroids and the limits of quantification were below 5 ng/mL; the method obtained good linearity, reproducibility, repeatability, accuracy and recoveries above 95% in most cases. 相似文献
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