Development of compact compensation systems for magnetic electron spectrometers

A radically new version of a system for compensating external magnetic fields in magnetic electron spectrometers is proposed. The main difference of the proposed system is that it, being fairly small, forms a highly uniform compensating magnetic field not in the central region of the instrument, as is generally done, but in the region of motion of analyzed electrons.     

Catalysis of Cumyl Hydroperoxide Decomposition by Calcium Salts and Complexes: A Kinetic Experiment and Quantum Chemical Modeling

Kinetics and Catalysis - The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the decomposition of cumyl hydroperoxide in a chlorobenzene medium in the presence of calcium 2-ethylhexanoate and a complex of...     

Catalytic Systems Based on Magnesium and Zinc Compounds in the Oxidation Reactions of Alkylarenes and the Decomposition Reactions of the Corresponding Hydroperoxides

The oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of magnesium and zinc 2-ethylhexanoates and a mixed catalyst based on these compounds is studied. It is shown that magnesium and zinc carboxylates are active catalytic systems which catalyze the decomposition of hydroperoxides representing the primary alkylarene oxidation products alongside with activation of oxygen.     

Production of High-Purity Dicyclopentadiene from the C5 Fraction of Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis

A process was developed for production of dicyclopentadiene from the C₅ fraction of hydrocarbon pyrolysis. Conditions were found ensuring production of high-purity dicyclopentadiene.     

Cumyl hydroperoxide decomposition under the action of group II metal compounds

Cumyl hydroperoxide decomposition in chlorobenzene in the presence of magnesium, zinc, cadmium, or mercury 2-ethylhexanoate has been investigated. It has been established and kinetically proved that the decomposition reaction is preceded by the formation of a hydroperoxide-catalyst complex. Thermodynamic parameters of this complexation have been determined. The catalytic activity of the salts correlates with the ionization potentials of the metals.     

Nontransition metal–crown ether complexes as hydroperoxide decomposition catalysts

The decomposition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide in a chlorobenzene medium in the presence of complexes of dibenzo-18-crown-6 with calcium, strontium, and barium chlorides has been studied. It has been found and kinetically proven that the decomposition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide is preceded by the formation of an intermediate hydroperoxide–catalyst complex. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the complex formation have been determined.     

Homolytic decomposition of cumyl hydroperoxide under the action of zinc,cadmium, and mercury 2-ethylhexanoates

The free-radical decomposition of cumyl hydroperoxide (CHP) and the overall CHP decomposition process proceed via the same mechanism with similar kinetic parameters through the formation of a hydroperoxide-metal compound intermediate. The catalytic activity of metal ethylhexanoates decreases in the order Cd > Zn > Hg. The complex formation thermodynamics and decomposition kinetics are correlated with the metal ionization potentials, which are the lowest for cadmium. The zinc-family metals are catalytically more active than the Group IIA metals owing to their polarization effect. Within Group IIA, the catalytic properties are mainly determined by the nature of the interaction in the intermediate complex.     

Development of compact magnetic analyzers for magnetic electron spectrometers

A specific shape of a magnetic field is proposed, which can be used in magnetic electron spectrometers for energy separation of electrons. Application of a magnetic field of the proposed shape makes it possible to increase, at a given resolution, the aperture ratio of spectrometers and decrease their sizes in comparison with the existing models. Original Russian Text ￠ R.A. Nurullina, V.A. Trapeznikov, I.N. Shabanova, Yu.G. Manakov, 2008, published in Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Fizicheskaya, 2008, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 515–518.