Microwave promoted methylation of plant polysaccharides

O-Methylation is of outstanding importance in structural polysaccharide chemistry. A novel method for the methylation of polysaccharides using microwave (MW) irradiation is described. Seed gum from Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (Guar) was fully methylated with dimethyl sulphate and sodium hydroxide using 100% microwave power for 4 min in 68% yield. The completely methylated seed gum thus obtained was hydrolyzed by 70% formic acid followed by 0.5N H₂SO₄ under full microwave power for 1.16 and 1.66 min, respectively. The partially methylated monosaccharides were separated and identified.     

Analysis of trimethylsilyl-isopropylidene derivatives of sorbose by combined gas chromatography- and mass-spectrometry

Summary A method has been developed using gas chromatography — electron impact mass spectrometry for the determination of the di-0-isopropylidene-sorbofuranose and mono-0-isopropylidene-sorbofuranose. The compounds are separated as their trimethylsilyl derivatives on a capillary column coated with the stationary phase SE-52. The mass spectra show that the silylation reaction is quantitiative and that the isopropylidene groups does not change.     

Anodic Synthesis of New Benzofuran Derivatives Using Active Methylene Group at Platinum Electrode

A facile and Eco-compatible synthesis of benzofuran derivatives (4a–4h) has been carried out at platinum electrode by electrochemical oxidation of catechol in the presence of active methylene groups. Electro- organic synthesis has been performed in an undivided cell at ambient conditions. The products of electrolysis have been purified and characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR and mechanism was deduced by voltammetric studies.     

RAPTA complexes containing N‐substituted Tetrazole scaffolds: Synthesis,characterization and Antiproliferative activity

This work describes the synthesis of a series of Ru(II)‐Arene (Arene=p‐cymene, benzene) complexes using different N‐substituted tetrazole ligands and their PTA analogues. All the complexes have been characterized thoroughly using different analytical techniques. Antiproliferative activity of the synthesized complexes against different cell lines indicates remarkable activity of certain complexes up to nanomolar level. In few cases introduction of water soluble PTA (PTA = 1,3,5‐ triaza‐7‐phospha‐tricyclo‐[3.3.1.1]decane) ligand induce significant cytotoxic activity in the ruthenium complex with respect to their chloro analogues, particularly against Jurkat and MCF‐7 cell lines. Interaction with different biomolecules and stability of the RAPTA complexes have been explored in pseudo‐pharmacological conditions.     

Synthesis and antibacterial studies of 6‐aryl‐2,2a‐dihydro‐naphtho‐[2′,1′‐5,6]pyrano[4,3‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazine and its derivatives

Chemoselective synthesis of novel hetero cyclopenta[b]chrysene derivatives, namely, 6‐Aryl‐2,2a‐dihydro‐naphtho[2′,1′‐5,6]pyrao[4,3‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazine ( 4a‐j ) under neutral condition has been described. These molecules exhibited good to excellent anti‐bacterial activities.     

Polysaccharide-Silica Hybrids: Design and Applications

This article discusses and reviews the current status and future perspectives of silica hybrids of polysaccharides and biosilicas derived thereof. The hybrids have been produced in various morphological shapes and utilized in water remediation, separation, enzyme immobilization, sensor, and biomedical fields. The polysaccharides show templating and structure directing influence in manipulation of sol gel silica hybrid materials which can be calcined to derive functional biosilicas. The development of energy storage devices and white light emitting solid phosphors may be the fields of future research.     

A Green Approach for Electrochemical Thiocyanation of Nitrogen Heterocycles with KSCN at Platinum Electrode

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - A novel, convenient and economical method was developed for the anodic thiocyanation of nitrogen-containing aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds by constant...     

Gas-liquid chromatography of isopropylidene monosaccharides and their trimethylsilyl derivatives

Summary This paper describes the gas chromatographic separation of the mixture of isopropylidene monosaccharides, and their trimethylsilyl derivatives. Based on the total analysis time and resolution the best stationary phase was SF-96 using Chromosorb G as the solid support and temperature programming.     

Insights to Sequence Information of Polyphenol Oxidase Enzyme from Different Source Organisms

Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are widely distributed enzymes among animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi. PPOs often have significant role in many biologically essential functions including pigmentation, sclerotization, primary immune response, and host defense mechanisms. In the present study, forty-seven full-length amino acid sequences of PPO from bacteria, fungi, and plants were collected and subjected to multiple sequence alignment (MSA), domain identification, and phylogenetic tree construction. MSA revealed that six histidine, two phenylalanine, two arginine, and two aspartic acid residues were highly conserved in all the analyzed species, while a single cysteine residue was conserved in all the plant and fungal PPOs. Two major sequence clusters were constructed by phylogenetic analysis. One cluster was of the plant origin, whereas the other one was of the fungal and bacterial origin. Motif GGGMMGDVPTANDPIFWLHHCNVDRLWAVWQ was found in all the species of bacterial and fungus sources. In addition, seven new motifs which were unique for their group were also identified.