VI. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Analogs of γ-Aminobutyric Acid from 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic Acid

A series of 7-carboxy-3-R-1,5-dinitro-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-6-enes was synthesized by reduction of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with sodium borohydride followed by Mannich reaction with formaldehyde and primary amines. The mechanism of decomposition under electron impact of the 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane was established. Enthalpies of formation of compounds synthesized were calculated by semiempirical PM3 method.     

Polarization relaxation in Rochelle salt crystals

The relaxation behavior of the domain structure of a Rochelle salt crystal during its repolarization by a static electric field was studied over a wide temperature range (from ?18 to +24°C). The field and temperature dependences of the relaxation time are found. It is shown that the difference between the activation energies determined far from and near the lower and upper phase transition points is due to the different mechanisms of interaction between domain boundaries and defects.     

Mechanochemical processes in water

It is shown that mechanical vibrations with subsonic frequencies in water cause the effect of growth in concentration of protons and some other products, including those with a high oxidation potential. The effect of occurrence of chemical reactions in water during its mechanical motion revealed in this work is discussed as one of the possible ways of replenishment of oxygen resources on the Earth.     

3-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives: IX. Synthesis and Molecular Structure of 3-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-1,5-diamines in Solution and in Solid State

During catalytic reduction with hydrogen on nickel of a series of 3-substituted 1,5-dinitro-3-azabicyclo-[3.3.1]non-6-enes alongside nitro groups reduction occurred also hydrogenation of the double bond. New diamines of the 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane series were synthesized, and their structure was established by means of IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction study.     

Synthesis of 1,1′-bishydroperoxydi(cycloalkyl) peroxides by homocoupling of 11–15-membered <Emphasis Type="Italic">gem</Emphasis>-bis(hydroperoxy)cycloalkanes in the presence of boron trifluoride

A procedure was developed for the synthesis of 1,1′-bishydroperoxydi(C₁₁-C₁₅-cycloalkyl) peroxides based on homocoupling of geminal 11–15-membered bis(hydroperoxy)cycloalkanes in the presence of BF₃⋅OEt₂. Dedicated to Academician N. K. Kochetkov on the occasion of his 90th birthday. __________ Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1182–1185, May, 2005.     

Relaxation of the domain structure in triglycine sulfate and deuterated triglycine sulfate crystals in the course of polarization switching

Relaxation of the domain structure in triglycine sulfate and deuterated triglycine sulfate crystals is investigated using polarization switching (during which the domain structure is disturbed from an equilibrium state by a dc electric field) over a wide range of temperatures.     

Chemical processes in moving water

Low-frequency oscillations of water give rise to an increase in the concentrations of protons and reaction products with a high oxidation potential. The hypothesis of the abiogenic origination of O₂ and hydrogen peroxide from water has been corroborated experimentally by studying processes in moving water.     

Relaxation of the domain structure in doped triglycine sulfate crystals in an internal field

This paper reports on the results of an investigation into the relaxation of the domain structure of triglycine sulfate ferroelectric crystals from a nonequilibrium state induced by rapid cooling of the sample through the phase transition point, in response to an external electric field, and under thermal annealing. The role played by the internal field in the processes of relaxation of the domain structure to the equilibrium state in defect-containing triglycine sulfate crystals is elucidated.     

The development of juvenile plants of the hybrid orchid Bratonia after seed cryopreservation

The development of juvenile plants of hybrid Bratonia orchid in vitro after seed storage in liquid nitrogen and the effect of nutrient medium composition on protocorm multiplication and plant regeneration were investigated. Cryopreservation did not inhibit the germination rate of seeds. Protocorms derived from cryopreserved seeds developed faster than protocorms from control (unfrozen) seeds during the first 45 days. But during further culturing, this tendency was not retained and finally protocorms from cryopreserved seeds had the same size as control ones. There were no significant differences in leaf number and shoot length between juvenile plants derived from unfrozen and cryopreserved seeds. We found that among four tested media liquid Morel medium was the most preferable for protocorm multiplication, and liquid ?S medium with half-strength macronutrients was the best one for the development of juvenile plants.