Investigations of the effects of ultrasound on some metal and nonmetal systems

The effects of power ultrasound on four metal-nonmetal powdered systems: copper-sulphur iron-sulphur, zinc-sulphur and magnesium-sulphur in various solvents, such as hexane and carbon disulphide, are briefly examined here. For each system, a sonication time of 30 min was affected. The sonicated products are analysed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine their qualitative and quantitative compositions and the percentage yields of the products obtained are then compared and discussed.     

Tunable infrared generation in KTA and applications

Noncollinear difference frequency mixing of dye laser and Nd:YAG second harmonic (fundamental) radiation from a commercial laser system is employed for the generation of 2.7–5.3 μm (1.6–1.7 μm) radiations in a flux-grown KTiOAsO₁ crystal. The generated radiation is used to scan the methane absorption in the fundamental (v ₃) and its first overtone (2v ₃) band at pressure 90 torr in a laboratory made single pass gas cell of length 33 cm.     

Working group report: Heavy-ion physics and quark-gluon plasma

This is the report of Heavy Ion Physics and Quark-Gluon Plasma at WHEPP-09 which was part of Working Group-4. Discussion and work on some aspects of quark-gluon plasma believed to have created in heavy-ion collisions and in early Universe are reported.     

The synthesis,structural characterization and biocidal properties of some triorganotin(IV) esters of N-arylidene-ω-amino acids.

The methods of synthesis, elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopic data and fungicidal activity against Ceratocystis ulmi are reported for a series of triorganotin esters of N-arylidene-ω-amino acids of general formula R₃SnOCO(CH₂)_nN = CHAr (R = Ph, n-Bu; Ar = 2-HOC₆H₄, 2-HOC₁₀H₆; n = 1, 2, 3 and 5). The crystal structures for two of the compounds, tributyltin N-2-hydroxynaphthalidene glycinate ( 1 ) and tributyltin N-2-hydroxynaphthalidene-β-alaninate ( 2 ), have been determined. Although both of these compounds have a trans-R₃SnO₂ structure, in compound 1 the carboxylate group is monodentate and the fifth coordination position around the tin atom is taken up by a coordinated phenolic group, whereas in 2 the carboxylate group is bridging. These two examples thus correspond to the two different structures reported for trans-R₃SnO₂ complexes. Both compounds were found to be active against Ceratocystis ulmi, but there was no significant difference in their levels of biological activity against this particular fungus. Apart from compound 1 , the other tributyltin compounds reported are believed to adopt the carboxylate bridging mode shown by compound ( 2 ). Crystal data: for 1 , crystals monoclinic, space group P 2₁/ c , a = 12.9435(11) Å, b = 13.5769(10) Å, c = 15.7715(12) Å, β = 108.919(6)°, Z = 4, R _f = 0.046 and R _w = 0.058 for 1448 significant reflections; for 2 , crystals monoclinic, space group C 2/ c , a = 24.588(14) Å, b = 9.733(3) Å, c = 27.611(12) Å, β = 113.49(4)°, Z = 8, R _f = 0.053 and R _w = 0.069 for 3822 significant reflections. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic characterization and fungicidal activity of triphenyltin derivatives of N,N-dimethylglycine: Crystal structure of [dimethyl(carboxylatomethyl)ammonium]-chlorotriphenylstannate

The new triorganotin complexes formulated as Me₂HNCH₂COO · Ph₃SnX, X = Cl, NCS were prepared and spectroscopically characterized, and their fungicidal properties against Ceratocystis ulmi were determined. An X-ray structure for [dimethyl(carboxylatomethyl)ammonium] chlorotriphenylstannate is also reported.     

Triphenyltin Esters of N-(2-Carboxybenzylidene)anilines: Synthesis,Spectroscopic Characterization,X-ray Structure Analysis and Fungicidal Activity

Four triphenyltin carboxylates formulated as o- Ph₃SnOCOC₆H₄CH=N–Ar (Ar=C₆H₅; p -CH₃C₆H₄; o -CH₃C₆H₄; o -HOC₆H₄) were prepared and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal structure of o -Ph₃SnOCOC₆ H₄CH=NC₆H₅ indicates that the tin atom, in each of the two molecules comprising the asymmetric unit, exists in a distorted tetrahedral geometry owing to an intramolecular acyl O. . .Sn contact. These new triphenyltin carboxylates display marked toxicity against the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi .