An indirect method for the spectrofluorimetric determination of trace amounts of germanium after extraction as an ion association complex with rhodamine B in the presence of chromotropic acid

A highly sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of 0.05-2.00 mug germanium is described. Germanium is treated with chromotropic acid at pH 2.5 and the resultant anionic complex is extracted as an ion pair with rhodamine into toluene. Addition of butanol to the organic extract releases the fluorescent dye and facilitates its measurement at 570 nm after exciting at 540 nm. The method provides a detection limit of 0.003 mug ml(-1) and is virtually free from interference from extraneous ions. The relative standard deviaiton is 2.9% for ten determinations of 1.0 mug germanium. The method has been applied to the determination of germanium in various ores, minerals and rock samples.     

Synthesis of tetrahydrofurans via silicon promoted Pummerer type reaction

A novel, unprecedented transformation of δ-hydroxysulfoxides into substituted tetrahydrofurans by a silicon promoted Pummerer type reaction is disclosed. The transformation is shown to be general and is brought about under very mild reaction conditions. The products with the sulfide group at the anomeric carbon provide a suitable handle to carry out further transformations.     

Modular and stereoselective formal synthesis of MeBmt, an unusual amino acid constituent of cyclosporin A

A convergent, flexible and stereoselective formal synthesis of MeBmt, the nonproteinogenic amino acid constituent of cyclosporin A is disclosed. The sulfinyl moiety has been exploited as the internal nucleophile to stereo- and regioselectively functionalize an allylic carbamate.     

Practical, efficient, stereoselective, formal synthesis of (2R,3R,4R)-3-hydroxy-4-methylproline

A highly efficient and stereoselective synthesis of (2R,3R,4R)-HMP is disclosed employing the sulfinyl group as an internal nucleophile to functionalize an olefin in the key step of the reaction sequence. The proline ring is elaborated by a (4C+N) cyclization.     

Stereoselective synthesis of (−)-allosedamine

A stereoselective synthesis of (−)-allosedamine is disclosed. β-Aminosulfoxide 4 was generated stereoselectively by condensation of the sulfinyl anion 2 with N-Ts imine 3. The bromohydrin 5 was obtained by intramolecular sulfinyl group participation and the piperidine ring of allosedamine was elaborated using the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction.     

Acceptor properties of titanium(IV) phenoxides

Summary Compounds of composition TiCl_4–n(OPh)_n · 2L (L = monodentate ligand, n = 1–4) have been prepared by the reaction of the parent titanium phenoxides (1 mol) with the ligand (2 mols) and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, molecular weight and i.r. spectral studies.     

Regio- and stereoselective transfer of p-toluenesulfonamido group from sulfur to carbon: preparation of aminoalcohol derivatives from allylalcohols

A novel methodology for the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of amino alcohol derivatives from allylalcohols/ethers via intramolecular nucleophilic participation by the sulfilimine moiety is disclosed. The sulfilimine moiety is stereospecifically transformed to a sulfinyl moiety with an inverted configuration. The reaction is general and affords highly functionalised products.     

Permeation liquid membrane for trace metal speciation in natural waters. Transport of liposoluble Cu(II) complexes

In this paper, the transport of Cu(II) in the presence of lipophilic Cu(II) organic complexes through permeation liquid membranes (PLMs) have been investigated. In natural waters, small organic compounds, which form liposoluble neutral complexes with Cu(II), are potentially toxic and bioavailable. Hence, to understand the role of liposoluble Cu(II) complexes in natural waters, four organic ligands: phthalic acid, bipyridyl, pyrocatechol and hydroxyquinoline, which form uncharged or lipophilic Cu(II) complexes, were tested. The results showed that the transport of lipophilic Cu(II) complexes through PLM depends on the lipophilicity of the complex. Applications of PLMs in natural waters are presented.     

The sulfinyl moiety as an internal nucleophile. Part 8: Efficient, stereospecific synthesis of (+)-polyoxamic acid

A straightforward and stereospecific synthesis of (+)-polyoxamic acid is disclosed. The key step of the synthesis involves the regio- and stereospecific bromohydration of an olefin via intramolecular participation by the sulfinyl group.     

A study of a fast ionic conductor–Ag1−xCuxI

The Conductivity of AgI–CuI system has been studied. Two molar ratios of the system Ag_1–xCu_xI with x = 0.05 and 0.15 have been taken. The transition temperatures are observed with conductivity measurements.