SDS/Ac2O/H2O: Surfactant‐Mediated Cleavage of Imines with Acetic Anhydride to Carbonyls and Acetanilides in Water

Surfactant (SDS)‐mediated cleavage of imines was achieved with acetic anhydride to the corresponding carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones) and acetanilides in water at 25–30°C with very good to excellent yields, thus contributing significantly to the green chemistry concept.     

Soft matter lithium salt electrolytes: ion conduction and application to rechargeable batteries

Abstract  Soft matter provides diverse opportunities for the development of electrolytes for all solid state lithium batteries. Here we review soft matter solid electrolytes for lithium batteriesthat are primarily obtained starting from liquid electrolytic systems. This concept of solid electrolyte synthesis from liquid is significantly different from prevalent approaches. The novelty of our approach is discussed in the light of various fundamental issues and in relation to its application to rechargeable lithium batteries. Graphical abstract   M. Patel and S. K. Das have contributed equally to the work.     

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum Linn) extract rich in eugenol and eugenol derivatives shows bone-preserving efficacy

This study examined the efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of dried clove buds, which is rich in phenolic compounds namely eugenol and eugenol derivatives (precursors of flavones, isoflavones and flavonoids), on different primary and secondary osteoporotic marker changes in an ovariectomised (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated control (A), OVX (B) and OVX plus 50% hydroalcoholic extract of dried clove buds for 4 weeks (C). Results indicated that, compared to control, serum alkaline phosphatase (AP; 48.25%, p?相似文献   

Study of non-orthogonal Laguerre-L$\mathsf{^{2}}$ method for helium atom

We present a technique for describing solutions of the helium atom by using the non-orthogonal Laguerre-L² basis functions. The frozen-core approximation is used to calculate the helium energies. The completeness of helium wavefunctions obtained is studied in terms of weights of the Gaussian quadrature. The convergence of the energies is shown as the L² basis size increases and the completeness of the L² wave functions is also shown for different basis size.Received: 20 August 2003, Published online: 6 January 2004PACS: 34.80.Bm Elastic scattering of electrons by atoms and molecules - 34.80.Dp Atomic excitation and ionization by electron impact     

Multi-centre, hydrogen and dihydrogen bonds in lithium closo-hydroborate obtained from liquid ammonia

Charge density analysis reveals multi-centre bonds in the cluster, hydrogen bridges in the ammonia network, and the dihydrogen bond between H(delta-) and H(delta+); all observed in one compound, [Li(NH3)4]2B6H6.2NH3.     

Catalytic phenylborylation reaction by iridium(0) nanoparticles produced from hydridoiridium carborane

Well-dispersed iridium(0) nanoparticles stabilized with the ionic liquid, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium methylsulfonate, [THTdP][MS], have been successfully prepared by reduction of the precursor hydridoiridium carborane, (Ph 3P) 2Ir(H)(7,8- nido-C 2B 9H 11). The iridium nanoparticles were found to be active catalysts for arylborylation, forming boric acids. The activity of the catalyst has been investigated as a function of the activating base, and reaction conditions. The highest yield of 91% was achieved in a microwave reactor using the base, tetra-2-pyridinylpyrazine, in the presence of [THTdP][MS]. The catalytic system could be recycled at least six times with less than a 0.5% loss of activity.     

Coumarin derivatives as promising antibacterial agent(s)

Nowadays, bacterial infections epitomize significant health threats globally with an increased morbidity and mortality. Most contemporary antibacterial agents are resisted by pathogenic bacteria - the multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains arising from cross resistances operative in natural bacterial consortia inside human body and in environments. Consequently, the development of newer potential drug candidate(s) is required against the broad spectrum of MDR bacteria. Indeed, the phytochemical coumarin and its derivatives had been reported with broad biological inhibitory properties, including antibacterial activities. In this review, several methods of synthetic strategies of coumarin derivatives as antibacterials were considered with individual schematic compounds by structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies as essential corollaries. Overall, substituents at positions C-3 and C-4 of coumarin are coveted for the development of newer antibacterial agents.     

Study of pyrolysis kinetic of green corn husk

In this paper, it was suggested the use of green corn husk, which is a biomass from agro-industry, as an alternative source of energy through its pyrolysis. Green corn husk characterization was done through immediate and elemental analysis of its components: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. It was also measured its higher calorific value. The pyrolysis study of green corn husk was done by the isoconversion and the Master plots method. Thermogravimetric plots were obtained at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C min^?1. The pyrolysis kinetics parameters were studied through the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger, and Friedman models. The Master plots method was used to determine the pyrolysis reaction order. The results of the reaction energy activation were found to be in the range 105.21–157.46 kJ mol^?1 by the FWO method, 150.50 kJ mol^?1 by the Kissinger method, and ranged 120.66–163.81 kJ mol^?1 by the Friedman method. The Master plots method showed a three-way-transport diffusional kinetics for the biomass de-volatilization process. The higher calorific value found for green corn husk was 16.14 MJ kg^?1. The simulation showed correlation between the experimental data and the proposed model for conversion values up to 0.8.

     

Oral intake of zirconia nanoparticle alters neuronal development and behaviour of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Drosophila melanogaster</Emphasis>

Zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO₂ NPs) have been extensively used in teeth and bone implants and thus get a chance to interact with the physiological system. The current study investigated the oral administration of various concentrations of ZrO₂ NPs synthesized by the hydrothermal method (0.25 to 5.0 mg L^?1) on Drosophila physiology and behaviour. The size of the currently studied nanoparticle varies from 10 to 12 nm. ZrO₂ NPs accumulated within the gut in a concentration-dependent manner and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) only at 2.5 and 5.0 mg L^?1 concentrations. ROS was detected by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein (H2DCF) staining. The ROS toxicity alters the larval gut structure as revealed by DAPI staining. The NP stress of larvae affects the Drosophila development by distressing pupa count and varying the phenotypic changes in sensory organs (eye, thorax bristle, wings). Besides phenotypic changes, flawed climbing behaviour against gravity was seen in ZrO₂ NP-treated flies. All together, for the first time, we have reported that a ROS-mediated ZrO₂ NP toxicity alters neuronal development and functioning using Drosophila as a model organism.

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