Recent advances in the chemistry of phenazine oxides (review)

Data on the electronic structures and spectral characteristics of phenazine 5-oxides and 5, 10-dioxides are correlated. Methods for the synthesis of N-oxides of the phenazine series and their reactions (reduction, electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution, and photochemical transformations) are examined. Data on the natural compounds of this series are presented.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1587–1599, December, 1977.     

Inhibitory Effects of Vanadium-Binding Proteins Purified from the Sea Squirt Halocynthia roretzi on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - The inhibitory effects of vanadium-binding proteins (VBPs) from the blood plasma and the intestine of sea squirt on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were...     

Discontinuous Galerkin spectral element approximations on moving meshes

We derive and evaluate high order space Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods to compute conservation laws on moving meshes to the same time order as on a static mesh. We use a Discontinuous Galerkin Spectral Element Method (DGSEM) in space, and one of a family of explicit time integrators such as Adams–Bashforth or low storage explicit Runge–Kutta. The approximations preserve the discrete metric identities and the Discrete Geometric Conservation Law (DGCL) by construction. We present time-step refinement studies with moving meshes to validate the approximations. The test problems include propagation of an electromagnetic gaussian plane wave, a cylindrical pressure wave propagating in a subsonic flow, and a vortex convecting in a uniform inviscid subsonic flow. Each problem is computed on a time-deforming mesh with three methods used to calculate the mesh velocities: from exact differentiation, from the integration of an acceleration equation, and from numerical differentiation of the mesh position.     

Boundary states at reflective moving boundaries

We derive and evaluate boundary states for Maxwell’s equations, the linear, and the nonlinear Euler gas-dynamics equations to compute wave reflection from moving boundaries. In this study we use a Discontinuous Galerkin Spectral Element method (DGSEM) with Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) mapping for the spatial approximation, but the boundary states can be used with other methods, like finite volume schemes. We present four studies using Maxwell’s equations, one for the linear Euler equations, and one more for the nonlinear Euler equations. These are: reflection of light from a plane mirror moving at constant velocity, reflection of light from a moving cylinder, reflection of light from a vibrating mirror, reflection of sound from a plane wall and dipole sound generation by an oscillating cylinder in an inviscid flow. The studies show that the boundary states preserve spectral convergence in the solution and in derived quantities like divergence and vorticity.     

On 1,3-beonzoxazepine and 3,1-benzoxazepine

The photochemistry of quinoline and isoquinoline $\text{N}$-oxides has been reexamined. 3, 1-Benzoxazepine, which had not been isolated as yet, was obtained from the former, while the formation of 1, 3-Benzoxazepine from the latter was demonstrated.