Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Ethyl 5-Amino-1-[（5′-methyl-1′- t-butyl-4′-pyrazolyl）carbonyl]-3-methylthio-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

1INTRODUCTIONPolarizedketenedithioacetalshavebeenex-tensivelyusedasbuildingblocksinorganicsyn-thesis,especiallyinthesynthesisofheterocycliccompounds[1～6].Pyrazoleanditsderivativesrepre-sentoneofthemostactiveclassesofcompoundspossessingwidespectraofbiologicalactivities.Overthepastfewyears,considerableevidenceshavebeenaccumulatedtodemonstratetheefficacyofpyrazolederivatives,suchasantibacterial[7],fun-gicidal[8],herbicidal[9],insecticidal[10]andotherbiologicalactivities[11,12].Uptonow,alarg…     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ethylthioethylcyclopenta-dienyl Organolanthanide Complexes:Cp_2~(Th)LnCl(Ln=Gd,Dy),Cp_2LnCp~(Th)(Ln=Yb,Sm,Dy,Y) and Cp~(Th)ErCl_2·2THF

Introduction Functional substituted cyclopentadienyl organolan-thanide complexes continue to attract considerable at-tention because these donor-functionalized side chains can increase the stability of highly reactive organolan-thanide complexes by forming the additional in-tramolecular chelating coordination with the central metal, and for early lanthanide complexes, the enhanced stability offers the opportunity to explore the reactivity of the remaining ligands.1-4 In addition, the in-tramol…     

希土硝酸盐冠醚配合物--Ⅸ.La(NO3)3·4H2O-NO2B15C5-CH3CN三元体系在25℃和15℃时溶解度的研究

改进了半微量相平衡研究方法,研究了La(NO_3)_3·4H_2O-NO_2B15C5-CH_3CN三元体系在25℃和15℃时的溶解度,测定了25℃各饱和溶液的折光率。结果表明,在该体系中只有一种计量配合物La(NO_3)_3·NO_2B15C5·4H_2O生成,该配合物的溶解度随温度的降低而减小,溶解度曲线覆盖的范围很大。利用不同方法获得了固态配合物La(NO_3)_3·NO_2B15C5·4H_2O。通过化学分析、紫外光度分析、红外光谱和差热与热重分析等研究了它的组成和性质,考查了它的水合度与后处理条件的关系。制得了二水合物La(NO_3)_3·NO_2B15C5·2H_2O及无水物。     

An Improved Model for Predicting Proton NMR Shielding by Alkenes Based on Ab Initio GIAO Calculations

In a strong magnetic field, nuclei located over a carbon-carbon double bond experience NMR shielding effects that are the net result of the magnetic anisotropy of the nearby double bond and various other intramolecular shielding effects. We have used GIAO, a subroutine in Gaussian 4, to calculate isotropic shielding values and to predict the proton NMR shielding increment for a simple model system: methane held in various orientations and positions over ethene. The average proton NMR shielding increments of several orientations of methane have been plotted versus the Cartesian coordinates of the methane protons relative to the center of ethene. A single empirical equation for predicting the NMR shielding experienced by protons over a carbon-carbon double bond has been developed from these data. The predictive capability of this equation has been validated by comparing the shielding increments for several alkenes calculated using our equation to the experimentally observed shielding increments. This equation predicts the NMR shielding effects more accurately than a previous model that was based on only one orientation of methane over ethene. Deshielding is predicted by this equation for protons over the center and within about 3 Å of a carbon-carbon double bond. This result is in contrast to predictions made by the long-held shielding cone model based on the McConnell equation found in nearly every textbook on NMR, but is consistent with experimental observations.     

新型对称烷基咪唑离子液体介质中酶催化合成l-乙酸薄荷酯

设计合成三种新型对称烷基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体——1,3-二正丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([DnBIM][PF6]), 1,3-二异丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([DiBIM][PF6])和1,3-二仲丁基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([DsBIM][PF6]). 以脂肪酶pseudomonas cepacia催化l-薄荷醇和乙酸酐的酯化过程为模型反应, 分别考察不同介质中酶的活性、反应性和稳定性, 结果表明作为反应介质三种新型离子液体均优于经典离子液体1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐和有机溶剂正己烷. 在三种新的离子液体中, [DiBIM][PF6]具有最好的亲生物性而被选择作为模型反应介质. 此外, 影响l-薄荷醇转化率的各种因素(包括反应温度、底物投料比、离子液体用量和含水量)及酶的重复利用性也被详细研究. 在最佳反应条件下, l-薄荷醇转化率达到97.4%, 酶促反应速度、平衡转化率和半衰期分别是正己烷中的12.7, 4.6和15.1倍. 脂肪酶重复使用10次后催化活性没有明显减少. 由于三种新型离子液体互为同分异构体, 以上事实还表明除憎水性和亲核性以外离子液体的空间构型也是影响酶行为的一个重要因素.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1-[(1′-Phenyl-5′-methyl-4′-pyrazolcarbonyl)- 3-methylthio-5-amino-1H-yl-1,2,4-triazole

1INTRODUCTIONTheCIDT(N-cyanoimido-S,S-dimethylthiocarbo-nate)hasbeenwidelyutilizedinorganicsynthesisduringthelasttwodecadesandhasbecomeveryusefulforconstructingfunctionalizedheterocyliccom-poundsbecauseoftheirversatility.MuchattentionhasrecentlybeenfocusedonthedevelopmentofCIDTaswellastheirsyntheticapplications[1～4].Meanwhile,manypyrazoleandtriazolederivativesarereportedtoshowvariousbiologicalactivities,suchasantifungal[5],herbicidal[6～8],insectcidal[9]andotheractivities[10～12].Thu…     

Coating of Al2O3 on layered Li(Mn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3)O2 using CO2 as green precipitant and their improved electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries

Li(Mn_1/3Ni_1/3Co_1/3)O₂ cathode materials were fabricated by a hydroxide precursor method.Al₂O₃ was coated on the surface of the Li(Mn_1/3Ni_1/3CO_1/3)O₂ through a simple and effective one-step electrostatic self-assembly method.In the coating process,a NaHCO₃-H₂CO₃ buffer was formed spontaneously when CO₂ was introduced into the NaAlO₂ solution.Compared with bare Li(Mn_1/3Ni_1/3Co_1/3)O₂, the surface-modified samples exhibited better cycling performance,rate capability and rate capability retention.The Al₂O₃-coated Li(Mn_1/3Ni_1/3Co_1/3)O₂ electrodes delivered a discharge capacity of about 115 mAh·g^-1 at 2A·g^-1,but only 84 mAh·g^-1 for the bare one.The capacity retention of the Al₂O₃-coated Li(Mn_1/3Ni_1/3Co_1/3)O₂ was 90.7%after 50 cycles,about 30%higher than that of the pristine one.     

Synthesis of homochiral spiro [4.4]nonane-l,6-diols

Homochiral cis, cis-; cis,trans and trans,trans-spiro[4,4]-nonane-1,6-diols were prepared via diastereoselective reduction of enantiomerically pure spiro[4.4]nonane-l,6-dione (1) with the corresponding reducing agents: lithium n-butyldiisobutylaluminium hydride for cis,cis-diol (2) with 88% yield; BH₃·THF for cis, trans-diol (8) with 91% yield; LiAlH₄ for trans,trans-diol (4) with 15% yield.     

Multichannel fetal magnetocardiography using SQUID bootstrap circuit

Fetal magnetocardiography （MCG） is a sophisticated non-invasive technique for the fetal heart diagnosis. We constructed a multichannel fetal MCG system based on a novel superconducting quantum interference device （SQUID） direct readout scheme called SQUID bootstrap circuit （SBC）. The system incorporates four SBC gradiometers for the signal detection and three SBC magnetometers as the references. The fetal MCG signal at a 28-weeks’ gestation was measured. By the fetal MCG signal separation and average, the P-wave and QRS complex can be clearly identified. These results indicate that the SBC is one of the most promising techniques for the fetal MCG recordings.     

An Empirical Proton NMR Shielding Equation for Alkenes Based on Ab Initio Calculations

Nuclei of hydrogen atoms located over a carbon-carbon double bond in the presence of a strong magnetic field experience a perturbed magnetic field caused primarily by the magnetic anisotropy of the bond. However, the commonly used theoretical model for predicting the shielding effect of an alkene double bond on hydrogen nuclei is sometimes inconsistent with the observed proton NMR chemical shifts in structures that have covalently bonded hydrogens located over a carbon-carbon double bond. We have used the ab initio gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) method to calculate isotropic shielding values and to determine the proton NMR shielding increments for a simple model system: methane held at various positions over ethene. These shielding increments calculated for one proton of methane have been mapped as a function of their position in Cartesian coordinates relative to the center of ethene. A mathematical function has been fit to this three-dimensional shielding increment surface at each of four distances from the face of the ethene molecule. Additionally, a single mathematical equation has been developed for predicting the shielding caused by the carbon-carbon double bond in ethene. In contrast to the traditionally employed shielding model, our results predict deshielding for protons within 3 Å above the center of a carbon-carbon double bond, consistent with experimental observations in several molecular systems. The NMR shielding increments predicted by this equation are compared to observed shielding increments in some test alkenes.