New measurements and reanalysis of 14N elastic scattering on 10B target

The angular distributions of elastic scattering of ¹⁴N ions on ¹⁰B targets have been measured at incident beam energies of 21.0 and 24.5 MeV. Angular distributions at higher energies 38–94.0 MeV (previously measured) were also included in the analysis. All data were analyzed within the framework of the optical model and the distorted waves Born approximation method. The observed rise in cross sections at large angles was interpreted as a possible contribution of the α-cluster exchange mechanism. Spectroscopic amplitudes SA₂ and SA₄ for the configuration ¹⁴N→ ¹⁰B +α were extracted. Their average values are 0.58±0.10 and 0.81±0.12 for SA₂ and SA₄, respectively, suggesting that the exchange mechanism is a major component of the elastic scattering for this system. The energy dependence of the depths for the real and imaginary potentials was found.     

Continuous production of (S)-1-phenylethanol by immobilized cells of Rhodotorula glutinis with a specially designed process

A specially designed process for the continuous production of a chiral alcohol by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis was prepared and is reported. The performance of the process with immobilized cells was also investigated. The run time of the immobilized cells, the flow rates of the substrate, and tris buffer containing 4% glucose in the process were optimized. The immobilized R. glutinis biocatalyst could be used for 15 days with maximum reaction activity. Under the optimized conditions, the continuous production process was operated for 30 days and resulted in 10.8 mL (S)-1-phenylethanol [(S)-1-PE]. The process has been demonstrated on a multigram scale in 75% overall yield with a purity of >99%.     

Poly(HEMA-co-AA) microparticles for removal of aluminum: The reason for Alzheimer's

Aluminum is one of the most toxic metals causing a variety of neurologic diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. It is impossible to avoid contact with aluminum because of its existence in food to medications. Therefore, removal of aluminum from the blood or wastewater is urgently important. The cost-effective and easy-to-prepare adsorbents are needed to get efficient aluminum removal. For that purpose, the poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-acrylic acid), poly(HEMA-co-AA), microparticles was synthesized to remove aluminum in a very short interaction time. The achievement of the desired polymeric structure was confirmed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), etc. Additionally, particle features such as swelling ratio, size, and surface area were determined. The microparticles synthesized in this study have been determined with very good adsorption capacity even in small aluminum concentrations.     

${[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$ Euler-Riesz Difference Sequence Spaces

Başar and Braha [1], introduced the sequence spaces $\breve{\ell}_\infty$, $\breve{c}$ and $\breve{c}_0$ of Euler-Cesáro bounded, convergent and null difference sequences and studied their some properties. Then, in [2], we introduced the sequence spaces ${[\ell_\infty]}_{e.r}, {[c]}_{e.r}$ and ${[c_0]}_{e.r}$ of Euler-Riesz bounded, convergent and null difference sequences by using the composition of the Euler mean $E_1$ and Riesz mean $R_q$ with backward difference operator $\Delta$. The main purpose of this study is to introduce the sequence space ${[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$ of Euler-Riesz $p-$absolutely convergent series, where $1 \leq p <\infty$, difference sequences by using the composition of the Euler mean $E_1$ and Riesz mean $R_q$ with backward difference operator $\Delta$. Furthermore, the inclusion $\ell_p\subset{[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$ hold, the basis of the sequence space ${[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$ is constructed and $\alpha-$, $\beta-$ and $\gamma-$duals of the space are determined. Finally, the classes of matrix transformations from the ${[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$ Euler-Riesz difference sequence space to the spaces $\ell_\infty, c$ and $c_0$ are characterized. We devote the final section of the paper to examine some geometric properties of the space ${[\ell_p]}_{e.r}$.     

Electrical, structural and surface properties of fluorine doped tin oxide films

Fluorine (F) incorporated polycrystalline SnO₂ films have been deposited onto glass substrates by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. To possess information about the electrical properties of all films, their electrical conductivities were investigated depending on the temperature, and their activation and trap energies were analyzed. The crystalline structure, surface properties and elemental analysis of the SnO₂ films were examined to determine the effect of the F element. After all investigations, it was concluded that each fluorine incorporation rate has a different and important effect on the physical properties, and SnO₂:F (3 at%) films were found to be the most promising sample for energy conversion devices, especially as conducting electrode in solar cells with its improved structural and electrical properties as compared to others.     

Solvothermal synthesis of WO3/TiO2/carbon fiber composite photocatalysts for enhanced performance under sunlight illumination

Carbon fiber (CF)‐based WO₃/TiO₂ composite catalysts (WO₃/TiO₂/CF) were successfully synthesized by solvothermal method. The catalysts were characterized by XPS, SEM, BET, XRD, FTIR, Raman and UV–Vis. The analyses confirmed the WO₃/TiO₂ nanoparticles with high crystallinity deposited on the carbon structure. The photocatalytic degradation of Orange II azo dye under UV and sunlight illumination with the synthesized catalyst was explored. The composite catalyst displayed high performance (85%) for Orange II degradation while that of for WO₃/TiO₂ was found as 76%. The effects of CF amount, solution pH, initial dye concentration and catalyst dose on photocatalytic performance were studied. It was found that the degradation efficiency increased from 68% to 90% with the increasing CF amount from 3 wt% to 5 wt%, while the further increase in CF amount (7–10 wt%) decreased the photodegradation due to the blocking the active sites of WO₃/TiO₂. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency was mainly attributed to the electrical properties of the CF and reduced bandgap.     

Applicability of equilibrium and kinetic models on the herbicide 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxyacetic acid adsorption on bituminous shale

Adsorption characteristics of herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) have been evaluated using bituminous shale (BS) as a model adsorbent-containing solid organic matter in a mineral matrix. The adsorption of MCPA on BS has been studied with varying concentration, temperature, pH and contact time, using batch technique. Adsorption ability of BS increases with increasing temperature and decreasing pH in the studied concentration range of (0.6–4.0) × 10⁻⁴ M. Theoretical curves calculated from Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), Langmuir and Temkin isotherm equations show a two-step isotherm shape. The results could be explained by assuming the presence of two-type sites with different affinity on adsorbent surface. Adsorption process is endothermic and entropy controlled at the first stage, and exothermic and enthalpy controlled at the second stage. The mechanism proposed based on surface ionization and complexation model is consistent with the pH dependent experimental results. Kinetic data fit well to both Paterson’s and Nernst Planck model based on homogeneous solid phase diffusion (HSPD). The values of particle diffusion coefficients (D _p ) predicted from both models are comparable each other and independent of temperature and concentration.