Pharmazeutische Pr?parate

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Random doubly stochastic tridiagonal matrices

Let \begin{align*}{\mathcal T}\end{align*}n be the compact convex set of tridiagonal doubly stochastic matrices. These arise naturally in probability problems as birth and death chains with a uniform stationary distribution. We study ‘typical’ matrices T∈ \begin{align*}{\mathcal T}\end{align*}n chosen uniformly at random in the set \begin{align*}{\mathcal T}\end{align*}n. A simple algorithm is presented to allow direct sampling from the uniform distribution on \begin{align*}{\mathcal T}\end{align*}n. Using this algorithm, the elements above the diagonal in T are shown to form a Markov chain. For large n, the limiting Markov chain is reversible and explicitly diagonalizable with transformed Jacobi polynomials as eigenfunctions. These results are used to study the limiting behavior of such typical birth and death chains, including their eigenvalues and mixing times. The results on a uniform random tridiagonal doubly stochastic matrices are related to the distribution of alternating permutations chosen uniformly at random.© 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 42, 403–437, 2013     

Electronic control of the competitive π donation in heteroatom substituted CpFe(CO)2(olefin)BF4 complexes and the resulting influence on the symmetry of the metal to olefin bond

Nucleophilic, single substitution of with para substituted anilines was used to prepare a series of cis Fp olefin complexes 10-14 of the general formula, , where X = OMe (10), Me (11), Cl, (12), COMe (13), and CN (14). These complexes contain both vinyl oxygen and vinyl nitrogen π donors capable of p-π donation to the olefin. This series allows a comparison of competitive π donor strengths as X is varied across the series. Correlation of the Hammett σ_para parameters for X with the ¹³C NMR shifts of the metal coordinated vinyl carbons demonstrated that as the electron withdrawing character of the para substituent was increased, the aniline (while still the dominant π donor) competed less effectively with the cis ethoxy group, moving the Fp⁺ moiety toward a more central point along the olefin face. The implication of such control for the nucleophilic substitution chemistry of these complexes is discussed.     

On a conjecture of Alon

Text

Let f(n,m) be the cardinality of largest subset of {1,2,…,n} which does not contain a subset whose elements sum to m. In this note, we show that

     

New99mTc-diiodine substituted IDA derivative (DIIODIDA) for hepatobiliary imaging

A new diiodine substituted IDA derivative, 2,4-diiodine-6-methyl IDA (DIIODIDA) was synthesized and labeled with^99mTc. It was established that^99mTc-DIIODIDA had high radiochemical purity. Biodistribution and influence of bilirubin on^99mTc-DIIODIDA biokinetics has been studied in rats and compared to the corresponding results for^99mTc-SOLCOIODIDA. Related to^99mTc-SOLCOIODIDA,^99mTc-DIIODIDA has much better biliary exretion (55.18 versus 43.63%). No change of^99mTc-DIIODIDA biokinetics, under influence of bilirubin was noticed. Biliary excretion of^99mTc-SOLCOIODIDA has been reduced for about 60%. The protein binding of^99mTc-DIIODIDA and^99mTc-SOLCOIODIDA were also determined, using in vitro method of precipitation. These results showed that^99mTc-DIIODIDA hepatobiliary imaging agent is superior to the presently used^99mTc-monoiodine IDA derivatives.     

Characterization of an unknown component in Noscapine using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Analytical and semipreparative LC methods were used to quantitate and isolate an unknown component (Impurity A) found in samples of bulk Noscapine. This component was also examined by LC-ESI-MS and 1H-NMR. It was concluded that the structure of Impurity A only differed from Noscapine in that it possessed a hydroxyl group at position 21 of the isobenzofuranone moiety.     

一般n阶特征量泛函的Euler-Lagrange方程及与定量因果原理、相对性原理和广义牛顿三定律的统一

本文获得了有各种相互作用的一般n阶特征量泛函,其耦合系数反映了不同特征量泛函之间的耦合强度.依据定量因果原理,导出了一般n阶特征量泛函的变分原理,获得了一般n阶特征量泛函的Euler-Lagrange方程,它的不同系数可拟合不同的物理现实,如从线性到任意n阶非线性物理系统,使复杂难解的任意n阶非线性物理系统变得具体可解.并获得了该对称变换下不变的m个的守恒量,以及它们之间的关系和统一描述.依据定量因果原理导出了相对性原理,证明了绝对加速参考系、牵连参考系和相对参考系的力都有来自加速度和质量变化的贡献.利用定量因果原理自然导出了广义牛顿第一定律和广义牛顿第二定律,而且还导出了一个新定律,即广义牛顿第三定律,亦即平移不变性系统合力为零定理.进而将研究结论应用于对银河系的修正引力势、分子势、夸克禁闭势等,且其结果与物理实验一致.     

Rheological changes in “native” human blood prior to and during coagulation

Zusammenfassung Die Änderung der Viskosität von nativem Blut in Abhängigkeit von Zeit und Druck in einem Kapillarviskosimeter folgen einem bestimmten Schema: bei gesunden Versuchspersonen folgt einem starken Abfall ein Anstieg, bevor die Gerinnung einsetzt.Derartige Untersuchungen sind auch an Blutproben von Patienten, die an gewissen seltenen Krankheiten leiden, besonders solchen mit Mangel an Gerinnungsfaktoren, gemacht worden. Die erhaltenen Beziehungen entsprechen nicht dem normalen Verlauf. Da jedoch zu wenig Patienten zur Verfügung standen, ist es jedoch schwer zu sagen, ob diese Abweichungen für diese Krankheiten typisch sind.An Multiple Sklerose Erkrankten sind genügend Untersuchungen durchgeführt worden. Es ist wahrscheinlich, daß für diese Krankheit ein eigenartig systemloses Verhalten typisch ist. Dieses ist anscheinend unabhängig von der betreffenden Therapie. Es stellt sich nicht ein, wenn es zu schweren Komplikationen im Krankheitsverlauf gekommen ist. Dieser Test ist aber nicht genügend empfindlich für die Frühdiagnose.Nach Beginn der Gerinnung folgen alle normalen und pathologischen Zustände derselben Gleichung für die Gerinnungskinetik, aber natürlich nicht mit denselben Gleichungskonstanten.

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Paper presented to the British Society of Rheology Conference on Rheology in Medicine and Pharmacy, London, April 14–15, 1970.