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排序方式: 共有105条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A. M. Berezhkovskii Yu. A. Makhnovskii R. A. Suris 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,65(5-6):1025-1041
We review a novel approach to treating many-body effects in diffusion-limited kinetics. The derivation of the general expression for the survival probability of a Brownian particle in the presence of randomly distributed traps is given. The reduction of this expression to both the Smoluchowski solultion and the wellknown asymptotic behavior is demonstrated. It is shown that the Smoluchowski solution gives a lower bound for the particle survival probability. The correction to the Smoluchowski solution which takes into account the particle death slowdown in the initial process stage is described. The steady-state rate-constant concentration dependence and the reflection of many-body effects in it are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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Yu. A. Makhnovskii V. Yu. Zitserman A. M. Berezhkovskii 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Focus on Physics》2009,3(2):313-319
The problem of diffusion of particles in a tube with periodically positioned partitions with circular orifices at the center of each was considered. Using an approach based on the methods and results of the theory of diffusion-controlled reactions and the idea of homogenization of the permeability of partitions, we derived a formula for the effective diffusion coefficient for the steady-state regime of the process. The accuracy and applicability domain of the formula were determined by comparing its predictions with computer simulation results. 相似文献
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A. M. Berezhkovskii L. Dagdug V. Yu. Zitserman Yu. A. Makhnovskii 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Focus on Physics》2008,2(4):650-656
The problem of diffusion in a porous medium with stagnation zones, which reduce the rate of transport of particles, is considered. A method based on the concept of entropy barriers associated with the small size of inlets into the stagnation zone is used to solve the diffusion problem. This method made it possible to reduce the diffusion problem in 3D structures to a set of one-dimensional equations that can be solved analytically. The calculations yielded an exact value of the effective diffusion coefficient, which is reduced due to random delays in the stagnation zones, and the transition time required to attain this reduction. 相似文献
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为提高土壤多元素同时检测的效率,采用超级微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中钾、钠、钙、镁、铜、铁、锰、锌、磷、硫、硼、砷、镉、铬、铅、钴、镓、锂等18种元素含量。比较了超级微波消解、常规微波消解和电热板消解的处理效果,采用超级微波消解法对样品进行前处理,并优化了消解条件。在最优条件下,各元素的检出限在0.05~20 mg/kg,加标回收率在86.2%~107.5%,RSD在0.1%~3.0%,方法准确度及精密度可以满足多元素同时测定的需求,且该方法具有简单、快速、成本低、用酸量少、重现性好等特点。 相似文献
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Makhnovskii YA Rozenbaum VM Yang DY Lin SH 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2007,111(38):9486-9493
This paper analyzes the confined motion of a Brownian particle fluctuating between two conformational states with different potential profiles and different position-dependent rate constants of the transitions, the fluctuations arising from both thermal (equilibrium) and external (nonequilibrium) noise. The model illustrates a mechanism to transduce, on the nanoscale, the energy of nonequilibrium fluctuations into mechanical energy of reciprocating motion. Expressions for the reciprocating velocity and the efficiency of energy conversion are derived. These expressions are treated in more detail in the slow-fluctuation (quasi-equilibrium) regime, by simple perturbation theory arguments, and in the fast fluctuation limit, in terms of the potential of mean force. A notable observation is that the generalized driving force of the reciprocating motion is caused by two sources: the energy contribution due to the difference between the potential profiles of the states and the entropic contribution due to the difference between the position-dependent rate constants. Two illustrative examples are presented, where one of the two sources can be ignored and an exact solution is allowed. Among other aspects, we also discuss the ways to construct a molecular motor based on the reciprocating engine. 相似文献
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In this paper we study the dispersion relation of thermal non-neutral plasma column by MHD theory. We use the dispersion relation to discuss the stability and dispersive properties in a non-neutral plasma-filled waveguide. The results are in agreement with those of cold non-neutral plasma. 相似文献