A convenient synthesis method of 5-oxopyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acids and their nitriles

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - N-Boc-protected 5-formyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amines react with malonic acid in pyridine in the presence of pyrrolidine at 45–50°С or with malonic...     

Investigations of Impurity Atom Deposition in the Limiter Shadow of the T-10 Tokamak by Means of Auger Electron Spectroscopy

The impurity flux in the limiter shadow region of the T-10 tokamak has been studied by exposing a solid probe to the plasma and subsequent investigation of deposits by surface analysis techniques. The main constitutents of the inner construction materials of T-10 could be detected by AES and SIMS. The deposited amount of impurities has been shown to rise with a decrease of the distance between probe and plasma. Long term observations of the metal impurity composition in the limiter shadow region by means of the deposition probe have shown a gradual decrease of the relative Ni concentration, which is explained as a successive deposition of stainless steel limiter material on the Inconel liner. The observed spatial asymmetry of the impurity flux and the deposition profiles for different elements on the probe are discussed.