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1.
2.
Travaille AM Kaptijn L Verwer P Hulsken B Elemans JA Nolte RJ van Kempen H 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(38):11571-11577
The lateral alignment of [012] habit-modified calcite crystals with respect to a carboxylic acid terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of thiols has been determined. The crystals were grown from a Kitano solution (pH 5.6-6.0), and the samples were investigated with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and polarization microscopy. For the first time, a lattice match in one direction, which is the nearest neighbor direction of the SAM and the calcite <100> direction, has been experimentally shown. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical models proposed in previous work, and it is expected that this method can be applied to similar systems where inorganic crystals nucleate with a preferred orientation to a SAM. 相似文献
3.
Vogensen SB Greenwood JR Varming AR Brehm L Pickering DS Nielsen B Liljefors T Clausen RP Johansen TN Krogsgaard-Larsen P 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2004,2(2):206-213
(RS)-3-Hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (5-HPCA)(), which is a conformationally constrained cyclised analogue of AMPA has previously been described as causing glutamate receptor mediated excitations of spontaneously firing cat spinal interneurons in a similar fashion to AMPA. We have now prepared the enantiomers of through chiral chromatographic resolution of (RS)-3-(carboxymethoxy)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid () followed by a stereoconservative hydrolysis resulting in the enantiomers of with high enantiomeric excess (% ee [greater-than-or-equal] 99). The absolute configurations indicated by an X-ray analysis of (-)- monohydrate were confirmed by comparing observed and ab initio calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra and by stereoconservative synthesis of (S)- from (S)-AMPA, the pharmacologically active form of AMPA. The pharmacological effects at native and cloned (GluR1-4) AMPA receptors were shown to reside exclusively with (R)-(+)-, in striking contrast to the usual stereoselectivity trend among AMPA receptor agonists. The reasons for this anomalous behaviour became clear upon docking both enantiomers of to the agonist binding site of GluR2. 相似文献
4.
Anna Ledin Lotte Ask Reitzel Poul L Bjerg 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(14):1075-1087
Benzylsuccinic acid (BSA) and methylbenzylsuccinic acids (mBSAs) are unambiguous indicators of anaerobic toluene and ethylbenzene/xylene degradation, and so the determination of these compounds in landfill leachates and contaminated groundwater is highly relevant. Samples were diluted to <0.8?mS?cm?1 in order to reduce their ionic strength, and subsequently extracted through strong anion exchange disks, followed by simultaneous in-vial elution and methylation. A detection limit of 0.1?µg?L?1 was obtained for 100?mL samples. Using this method, 19.3?µg?L?1 of BSA was measured in a landfill leachate, and low µg?L?1 levels of all of the mBSAs were measured in gasoline-contaminated groundwater. The results were compared with the findings of BSAs at 16 other contaminated sites, and BSAs as indicators of biodegradation were evaluated. The estimation of biodegradation rates based on parent hydrocarbons and BSA concentrations or ratios is questionable. However, the degradation products serve as good qualitative in situ indicators for anaerobic biodegradation in contaminated groundwater. 相似文献
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Hawkes NC Stratton BC Tala T Challis CD Conway G DeAngelis R Giroud C Hobirk J Joffrin E Lomas P Lotte P Mailloux J Mazon D Rachlew E Reyes-Cortes S Solano E Zastrow KD 《Physical review letters》2001,87(11):115001
Simultaneous current ramping and application of lower hybrid heating and current drive (LHCD) have produced a region with zero current density within measurement errors in the core ( r/a< or =0.2) of JET tokamak optimized shear discharges. The reduction of core current density is consistent with a simple physical explanation and numerical simulations of radial current diffusion including the effects of LHCD. However, the core current density is clamped at zero, indicating the existence of a physical mechanism which prevents it from becoming negative. 相似文献
7.
G. Denigès J. Eggert und Lotte Zipfel 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1923,63(3-4):137-138
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
8.
Marie Kjærgaard Bjørk Marie K. K. Nielsen Lotte Ø. Markussen Helene B. Klinke Kristian Linnet 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2010,396(7):2393-2401
A high-performance liquid chromatography (LC)–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for
the determination of 19 drugs of abuse and metabolites and used in whole blood. The following compounds were included: amphetamine,
methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine,
morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, codeine, methadone, buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, ketobemidone, tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, zaleplone, zolpidem, and zopiclone. The sample pretreatment consisted of solid-phase extraction using
mixed-mode columns (Isolute Confirm HCX). Deuterated analogues were used as internal standards for all analytes, except for
ketobemidone and O-desmethyltramadol. The analytes were separated by a methanol/ammonium formate gradient using high-performance LC (Agilent
HPLC 1100) with a 3 mm × 100 mm Varian Pursuit 3 C18 column, 3-μm particle size, and were quantified by MS/MS (Waters Quattro micro tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer) using
multiple reaction monitoring in positive mode. Two transitions were used for all analytes, except for tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol. The run time of the method was 35 min including the equilibration time. For all analytes, responses were
linear over the range investigated, with R
2 > 0.99. One-point calibration was found to be adequate by validation, thereby saving analysis of multiple calibrators. The
limits of quantification (LOQs) for the analytes ranged from 0.0005 to 0.01 mg/kg. Absolute recoveries of the analytes were
from 34 to 97%, except for zaleplone (6%). Both the interday precision and the intraday precision were less than 15% (20%
at the LOQ) for all analytes, except buprenorphine, norburprenorphine, and zaleplone (less than 18%). Accuracy (bias) was
within ±15% (±20% at the LOQ) for all analytes, except MDMA and O-desmethyltramadol (within ±19%). No ion suppression or enhancement was seen nor was suppression from coeluted analytes seen.
Matrix effects were found to be less than 23% for all analytes, except zopiclone (64%). High-concentration and low-concentration
quality control samples gave acceptable values, and the method has been tried in international proficiency test schemes with
good results. The present LC-MS/MS method provides a simple, specific, and sensitive solution for the quantification of some
of the most frequent drugs of abuse and their metabolites in whole blood. The quantification by LC-MS/MS was successfully
applied to 412 forensic cases from October 2008 to mid February 2009, where 267 cases were related to zero-tolerance traffic
legislation. 相似文献
9.
10.
It is known that spectral networks naturally induce certain coordinate systems on moduli spaces of flat SL(K)-connections on surfaces, previously studied by Fock and Goncharov. We give a self-contained account of this story in the case K = 2 and explain how it can be extended to incorporate the complexified Fenchel–Nielsen coordinates. As we review, the key ingredient in the story is a procedure for passing between moduli of flat SL(2)-connections on C (equipped with a little extra structure) and moduli of equivariant GL(1)-connections over a covering \({\Sigma \to C}\); taking holonomies of the equivariant GL(1)-connections then gives the desired coordinate systems on moduli of SL(2)-connections. There are two special types of spectral network, related to ideal triangulations and pants decompositions of C; these two types of network lead to Fock–Goncharov and complexified Fenchel–Nielsen coordinate systems, respectively. 相似文献