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We observe the anisotropy and the polarization properties of the Rayleigh scattered light for a planar smectic A texture of butoxyl benziledene-p-n anilino-acetophenone (BBAA). This scattering is attributed to static bends of the smectic layers, with wave vectors parallel to the smectic planes. This effect gives a simple method to measure the ratio of the extraordinary to the ordinary indices: ne/n0 = 1.18 at 89°C. 相似文献
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J. K. Brooks Kazuyuki Saitô JD Maitland Wright 《Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo》2003,52(1):5-14
LetA be aC*-algebra with second dualA″. Let (φ
n)(n=1,...) be a sequence in the dual ofA such that limφ
n(a) exists for eacha εA. In general, this does not imply that limφ
n(x) exists for eachx εA″. But if limφ
n(p) exists whenever p is the range projection of a positive self-adjoint element of the unit ball ofA, then it is shown that limφ
n(x) does exist for eachx inA″. This is a non-commutative generalisation of a celebrated theorem of Dieudonné. A new proof of Dieudonné’s theorem, for
positive measures, is given here. The proof of the main result makes use of Dieudonné’s original theorem. 相似文献
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A 3D numerical analysis of the flow and mass transfer in helical pipes is presented. The interpretation of the flow patterns
and their impact on mass transfer is shown to require a non-orthogonal pseudo-stream function based visualization. The strong
coupling between torsion and curvature effects, and the resulting secondary flow regimes are well characterized by a parameter
combining both the Dean (Dn) and Germano numbers (Gn). For membrane separation applications, helical modules combining high
curvature with low torsion would alleviate concentration polarization and yield appreciable flux improvement. 相似文献
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We have used light scattering to study nematic elastic constantsK
2 andK
3 in the alkyl-cyanobiphenyl (n CB) system. As the average alkyl chain lengthn increases, the temperature range of the nematic phase decreases and the system approaches a tricritical point. Our data are analyzed to determine the parallel and perpendicular correlation lengths and critical exponents for smectic short-range order. We find a continuous decrease in the critical exponentsv
andv
as the tricritical point, which occurs at 9.1 CB, is approached. There is also a significant decrease in the magnitude of the parallel correlation length at a fixed reduced temperature. 相似文献
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