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1.
The fully frustrated planar rotator and fully frustrated XY models in two dimensions have two phase transitions: one of the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless type and other in the Ising universality class. We use Monte Carlo simulation to study both models. We fix our attention in the Ising-like transition, which we show can be understood as a percolation transition. We obtain the critical temperature as well as the critical exponents of the mean cluster size, γ, and Fisher's exponent τ. The critical temperature agree very well with other calculations. We found that the critical exponents are smaller than in the pure two-dimensional percolation case. We interpret this as due to the long-range interaction between vortex and antivortex. 相似文献
2.
Emerson T da SilvaEdson L.S Lima 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(18):3621-3624
The ability of 1,3-dimethyl-5-acetyl-barbituric acid (DAB) to react with primary amines in a chemoselective fashion was applied to the synthesis of a selectively protected spermidine. 相似文献
3.
L. Gomes de Lima M. Cariou H. Scordia R. Kergoat M. M. Kubicki J. E. Guerchais 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1985,290(3):321-327
A new class of cyclic telluronium salts has been prepared. All the salts are stable in solution in CHCl3 or dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Conductivity measurements in DMSO and dimethylformamide (DMF) have shown that considerable ion pairing occurs in solution. Infrared, 1H, 13C, 125Te NMR, and mass spectra are reported and discussed. 相似文献
4.
D. S. Gouveia R. Rosenhaim M. A. M. A. de Maurera S. J. G. Lima C. A. Paskocimas E. Longo A. G. Souza I. M. G. Santos 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,75(2):453-460
With the aim of obtaining materials with applications in pigments, CoxZn7-xSb2O12 spinels were synthesized using the Pechini method. This method consists in the formation of a polymeric net, where the metallic
cations are homogeneously distributed. In this work, two types of alcohol (ethyl glycol and ethylene glycol) were used for
the synthesis of a zinc antimoniate spinel, CoxZn7-xSb2O12 (x=0-7). The materials were characterized by termogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). TG results indicated
a decrease in total mass loss when cobalt was added to the solution substituting zinc, for samples prepared using the two
different alcohols. Decomposition temperatures, obtained by TG and DTA, presented a decreasing behavior as cobalt was added
to the material. In relation to the alcohols, all results indicated a better polymerization of the resin when ethylene glycol
was used, being the most indicated one for cation immobilization. X-ray diffraction did not show differences between the two
alcohols - both presented the spinel phase (Co, Zn)2.33Sb0.67O4. Samples with higher quantity of cobalt also presented ilmenite phase (Co, Zn)Sb2O6.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Studies on the complexation of copper(II) by phenolic acids, as ligand models of humic substances were done by potentiometry. The acids under study were: 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid or hydrocaffeic acid (1), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (2) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid or protocatechuic acid (3). Acidity constants of the ligands and the formation constants of metal-ligand complexes were evaluated by computer programs. The carboxylic group of the phenolic acids has different pKa1 values, being the dissociation constants intrinsically related with the distance between the function and the aromatic nucleus. The results obtained allow concluding that acidity constants of the catechol moiety of the compounds are similar with pKa2 and pKa3 values between 9.47-9.41 and 11.55-11.70. The complexation properties of the three ligands towards copper(II) ion are quite similar, being the species found not different either in nature or stability. Although the model ligands have some structural differences no significant differences were found in their complexation properties towards copper(II). So, it can be postulated that complexation process is intrinsically related with the presence of a catechol group. 相似文献
6.
Maria do Carmo B. Pimentel Eduardo Henrique M. Melo José Luiz Lima Filho William M. Ledingham Nelson Durán 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,66(2):185-195
This work is a study of lipase production by a Brazilian strain ofPenicillium citrinum using an inexpensive and simple medium without organic nitrogen sources and of some important industrial properties, including
thermostability in relation to ionic strength. The maximal lipase activity (1585 U/L) was obtained whenPenicillium citrinum was cultured on 0.75% ammonium sulfate complemented with minerals salts instead of yeast extract. Although this activity
was about 55% lower than that produced in medium with yeast extract (2850 U/L), the specific activity (7.8 U/mg proteins)
was higher than that obtained with the yeast extract (4.9 U/mg proteins). The morphology of fungus changed totally, with yeast
extract there are smooth, solid, and spherical pellets whereas on ammonium sulfate there are small “hairy” pellets uniformly
suspended in the medium. The effect of ferrous (Fe++) ions was carried out using medium MA with and without Fe++ ions. Lipase production byPenicillium citrinum in medium MA requires Fe++ ions, the absence of which caused a decreased of about 50% in the specific activity (3.5 U/mg proteins). The utilization
of commercial, locally available oils as carbon sources, such as soybean oil (236 U/L) and corn oil (74 U/L) resulted in lower
activity compared to olive oil, showing that lipase production byPenicillium citrinum is specifically induced by olive oil. Potassium concentration in the medium can effects the production of lipase (1 mM (1585
U/L), 10 mM (1290 U/L), and 30 mM (1238 U/L), 50 mM (195 U/L), and 100 mM (2 U/L). The crude culture filtered was susceptable
to thermal deactivation. It was stable at pH 6.0, but was not stable at the optimum pH (8.0-8.5) at 50 mM. At the low ionic
concentration (1-25 mM) this lipase was stable at low pH (3.5-4.0). The activation energy was 22.4 ±2.2 Kcal. mol 1. 相似文献
7.
R. Pérez-Olmos M. B. Etxebarria J. L. F. C. Lima M. C. B. S. M. Montenegro 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1998,362(2):230-233
A high dispersion FIA system with a fluoride selective and a double junction reference electrode in cascade arrangement was
developed for the determination of the fluoride content in chromium electroplating baths. The analyses of seven synthetic
baths prepared in the laboratory and two samples provided by the industry gave results with a mean recovery value of 100.5%,
and a mean variation coefficient of 1.6%. These data were better than those obtained by the EDTA complexometric titration,
the reference technique, with a mean recovery of 94.0% and a mean variation coefficient of 7.5%. The sampling rate for the
FIA manifold was 20 samples per hour.
Received: 27 November 1997 / Revised: 24 February 1998 / Accepted: 1 March 1998 相似文献
8.
Two insect colonies of Elasmopalpus lignosellus were reared in our laboratory, the first being initiated from pupae obtained from a cornfield in the region of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais and the second from a cornfield in the region of Goiania, Goiás. From the two colonies, two extracts were prepared from the pheromone glands of virgin E. lignosellus females. The extract obtained from the first colony was designated as extract 1 while the extract obtained from the second colony was designated as extract 2. Extract 1 was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate [(Z)-9-HDA] and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate [(Z)-11-HDA] being identified and confirmed by the formation of DMDS derivatives. In addition, a third acetate, which could be either (E)-8-hexadecenyl acetate [(E)-8-HDA] or (E)-9-hexadecenyl acetate [(E)-9-HDA] was detected by GC-MS. Extract 2 was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-electroannetography (GC-EAD) revealing the presence of (Z)-11-HDA and (Z)-9-TDA. In addition, the same compounds elicited a response with the E. lignosellus male antenna obtained from the second insect colony. Electroantennography (EAG) screening with the male E. lignosellus antenna (obtained from the second insect colony) was conducted with the 23 possible tetradecenyl acetates (TDA) and 22 hexadecenyl acetates (HDA) as standards. Out of the 23 TDA isomers evaluated, only (Z)-9-TDA elicited a response and out of the 22 HDA [(Z) and (E) isomers gamma2 to delta13] evaluated only (Z)-11-HDA elicited a response. The acetate compositions of two extracts obtained from insects originating from the two states (Minas Gerais and Goiás) of Brazil were different from one another as well as from that obtained from insects in Tifton, GA, USA. The bioactivity data (GC-EAD) of the extract 2 differed from those reported for the Tifton, GA, USA population. These data suggest polymorphism in relation to the insect populations found in Brazil and in the USA. The possibility of the existence of an E. lignosellus sub-species cannot be ruled out. 相似文献
9.
Silva Julio Cezar Soares de Lima Silva Diogo Ferreira Ferreira Luciano de Almeida-Filho Adiel Teixeira 《4OR: A Quarterly Journal of Operations Research》2022,20(1):139-164
4OR - Even though sovereign bonds represent low-risk alternatives that give investors a healthy income, the risk assessment process for these bonds is still considered subjective because of the... 相似文献