Using Inquiry to Improve Pedagogy through K‐12/University Partnerships

This article focuses on the impact a collaborative project between university graduate fellows and K‐12 classroom teachers had on improved pedagogy in the classroom and in the future at the university. Nine teams participated in a yearlong professional development project to improve pedagogy and communication skills of the participants. This study shows that the participants, the fellows and the K‐12 teacher partners, made changes in planning, implementation, and even motivation for using inquiry‐based methods in their classroom. External observations of the teams further support the individuals' claims of improved pedagogy using inquiry and impact on student conceptual understanding. The Horizon Classroom Observation instrument was used for these observations. The teams showed an overall increase in scores, as well as overall effective and exemplarily implementation of their planning. The program design, the implementation, and the results of this three‐year study will be elaborated in this article.     

Harmonic and intermodulation distortion modeling in IM-DD multi-band radio over fiber links exploiting injection locked lasers

A comprehensive numerical tool has been developed for the evaluation of the performances of Radio over Fiber (RoF) links intended for wireless signal distribution.At the transmitter end an appropriate set of rate equations allows to model the optical source as a solitary laser or as an appropriately injection locked laser. The optical channel is modeled putting into account the combined effect of fiber dispersion, laser source non ideal performances (e.g. non-linear effects, frequency chirp), and quadratic detection of the receiving photodiode. The simulation model developed can be a useful tool at the design stage allowing a preliminary evaluation of the characteristics of real RoF links.     

A new polymorph of tetraphenyldiboroxane

A new polymorph of tetraphenyldiboroxane [or oxybis(diphenylborane)], C₂₄H₂₀B₂O, (Ia), has been found. It is monoclinic, like the already known form, (Ib), and can be refined in the same space group, namely P2₁/c, or in the equivalent setting P2₁/n. The molecular conformations of the two polymorphs differ in the rotations of two of the phenyl rings about the B—C bonds, leading to markedly different packing patterns and cell dimensions.     

Quasielastic nucleon and hyperon production by neutrinos and antineutrinos with energies below 30 GeV

The cross sections of neutrino and antineutrino quasielastic reactions \(vn \to \mu ^ - p,\bar vp \to \mu ^ + n,\bar vp \to \mu ^ + \Lambda\) were studied in the neutrino energy range between 3 and 30 GeV. In comparison withV-A theory axial mass parameters ofM _A =(1.06±0.05±0.14) GeV/c² from neutrino andM _A =(0.71±0.10±0.20) GeV/c² from antineutrino data were found. The total cross-section for the hyperon production process can be described byM _A =1.0 GeV/c².     

Final results on μe-pair production in neutrino interactions in the SKAT freon bubble chamber experiment

We present the final results from the search for μe pairs produced in neutrino interactions using the freon filled bubble chamber SKAT. The rate of μ^? e ⁺ pairs to charged current events above the charm threshold is \(R_{\mu ^ - e^ + } = (4.8 \pm 1.1)10^{ - 3} \) . Assuming charm particle production to be the origin of the positron we calculate \(R_{\Lambda _c^ + } = (6.2 \pm 3.1)10^{ - 2} \) andR _D =(2.8±0.9)10^?2. We observe no considerable μ^? e ^? pair production above the background. In the regionE _v >3 GeV,p _μ,e >1.0 GeV/c andp _μ>p _e we find with a 90% confidence level the limit \(R_{\mu ^ - e^ - }< 1.7 10^{ - 4} \) .     

Determination of 11 aminoglycosides in meat and liver by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

A method using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of 11 commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotics in meat. The proposed method is sufficiently sensitive (detection limits of 15 to 40 ppb for the various antibiotics) and highly selective. It is suitable for the quantitation and confirmation of aminoglycosides in a variety of matrixes (pork muscle, fish, and veal liver). Any multiresidue method for aminoglycosides must take into account their high affinity toward sample proteins and the significantly different pK values of the various analytes. The developed method uses a low-pH extraction with trichloracetic acid to ensure complete extraction of the analytes from the matrix. An anion-exchange step is used to remove the acid from the centrifuged extract. Aminoglycosides in this solution of low ionic strength can be quantitatively retained and afterwards eluted from a weak cation-exchanger solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The highly selective SPE steps produce clean extracts, which minimize possible suppression of the mass spectrometer signal.     

An explicit formula for the discussion of stability in autonomous Hamiltonian systems

The well known theorem of Arnold and Moser gives (in most cases) an answer to the question of the stability of the equilibria of autonomous Hamiltonian systems which can be reduced to two degrees of freedom. To apply their theorem, the Hamiltonian has to be transformed into its Birkhoff normal form of order two. In this paper this transformation is reduced to the multiplication of polynomials, which can easily be performed algebraically on a computer. The conical precessions of a dynamically symmetric satellite in a circular orbit serve as an example.

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Zusammenfassung Der bekannte Satz von Arnold und Moser liefert (auer in wenigen Ausnahmefällen) eine Antwort auf die Frage nach der Stabilität von Gleichgewichtslagen autonomer Hamiltonscher Systeme, die sich auf zwei Freiheitsgrade reduzieren lassen. Damit dieser Satz angewendet werden kann, mu die Hamiltonfunktion auf ihre Birkhoff-Normalform der Ordnung zwei transformiert werden. Diese Transformation wird hier auf Multiplikationen von Polynomen reduziert, die einfach, in symbolischer Weise, auf dem Computer ausgeführt werden können. Als Beispiel dienen die konischen Präzessionen eines dynamisch symmetrischen Satelliten auf einer Kreisbahn.