全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4363篇 |
免费 | 164篇 |
国内免费 | 24篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3008篇 |
晶体学 | 15篇 |
力学 | 85篇 |
数学 | 825篇 |
物理学 | 618篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 33篇 |
2022年 | 45篇 |
2021年 | 72篇 |
2020年 | 90篇 |
2019年 | 98篇 |
2018年 | 42篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 132篇 |
2015年 | 122篇 |
2014年 | 134篇 |
2013年 | 173篇 |
2012年 | 248篇 |
2011年 | 326篇 |
2010年 | 159篇 |
2009年 | 168篇 |
2008年 | 251篇 |
2007年 | 236篇 |
2006年 | 250篇 |
2005年 | 213篇 |
2004年 | 195篇 |
2003年 | 146篇 |
2002年 | 151篇 |
2001年 | 97篇 |
2000年 | 84篇 |
1999年 | 82篇 |
1998年 | 77篇 |
1997年 | 56篇 |
1996年 | 59篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 56篇 |
1991年 | 48篇 |
1990年 | 36篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 33篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 27篇 |
1979年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 15篇 |
1974年 | 17篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
1970年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有4551条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Dr. Sabin Llona‐Minguez Dr. Matthieu Desroses Artin Ghassemian Dr. Sylvain A. Jacques Dr. Lars Eriksson Rebecka Isacksson Tobias Koolmeister Dr. Pål Stenmark Dr. Martin Scobie Prof. Thomas Helleday 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(20):7394-7398
A two‐step synthesis of structurally diverse pyrrole‐containing bicyclic systems is reported. ortho‐Nitro‐haloarenes coupled with vinylic N‐methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronates generate ortho‐vinyl‐nitroarenes, which undergo a “metal‐free” nitrene insertion, resulting in a new pyrrole ring. This novel synthetic approach has a wide substrate tolerance and it is applicable in the preparation of more complex “drug‐like” molecules. Interestingly, an ortho‐nitro‐allylarene derivative furnished a cyclic β‐aminophosphonate motif. 相似文献
2.
Dr. Sebastian Lars Müller Xinglong Zhou Dr. Peter Leonard Oxana Korzhenko Dr. Constantin Daniliuc Prof. Dr. Frank Seela 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(12):3077-3090
Silver-mediated α-dC–Ag+–β-dC hybrid base pairs decorated with 5-iodo- or 5-octadiynyl residues are well accommodated in duplex DNA. A strong Tm increase and favorable thermodynamic data for duplex DNA were observed after addition of silver ions. The phenomenon is particularly obvious when both nucleobases of the base pairs are functionalized. Neither the position of the base pair, nor the type of 5-substituent had a negative influence. On the contrary, functionalization of conventional silver-mediated β-dC–Ag+–β-dC homo base pairs showed a negative impact induced by the bulky substituents. To this end, cytosine modified 12-mer oligodeoxynucleotides were prepared by solid-phase synthesis employing new α-anomeric 2′-deoxycytidine phosphoramidites. A multigram scale synthesis was developed for 5-iodo-α-d -2′-deoxycytidine ( 1 ) employing the direct glycosylation of cytosine with Hoffer's α-d -halogenose followed by separation of anomeric DMT nucleosides. Regarding base-pair stability and functionalization silver-mediated α/β-dC hybrid base pairs were found to be superior to β/β-dC homo pairs. According to their extraordinary properties, they might find applications in DNA diagnostics, material science, or nanotechnology. 相似文献
3.
4.
We consider normal ≡ Gaussian seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) with incomplete data (ID). Imposing a natural minimal set of conditional independence constraints, we find a restricted SUR/ID model whose likelihood function and parameter space factor into the product of the likelihood functions and the parameter spaces of standard complete data multivariate analysis of variance models. Hence, the restricted model has a unimodal likelihood and permits explicit likelihood inference. In the development of our methodology, we review and extend existing results for complete data SUR models and the multivariate ID problem. 相似文献
5.
J.-C. Thomas L. Achouri J. Äystö R. Béraud B. Blank G. Canchel S. Czajkowski P. Dendooven A. Ensallem J. Giovinazzo N. Guillet J. Honkanen A. Jokinen A. Laird M. Lewitowicz C. Longour F. de Oliveira Santos K. Peräjärvi M. Stanoiu 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2004,21(3):419-435
6.
Thomas Pautzsch Lars Blankenburg Elisabeth Klemm 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(3):722-732
A series of novel π-conjugated polymers containing ruthenium bipyridine complexes was synthesized by a cross-coupling reaction and characterized. These polymers exhibit absorption maxima around 330–350 nm (π-π*) and 460–500 nm metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), respectively. They are soluble in common organic solvents, and all polymers can be converted into transparent films. We investigated the influence of different donating and acceptor diethynylarenes of the ultraviolet-visible spectra. The oxidation potential, which was measured by cyclic- and square-wave voltametry, showed a typical Ru2+/3+ exhibited at 1.25 V versus the saturated calomel electrode. The polymers were further characterized with photoluminescence measurements. When excited at 442 nm ( 11a ), the polymer exhibited an emission peak at 690 nm. This peak was attributed to the MLCT states. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 722–732, 2004 相似文献
7.
We present a method that formally calculates exact frequency shifts of an electromagnetic field for arbitrary changes in the refractive index. The possible refractive index changes include both anisotropic changes and boundary shifts. Degenerate eigenmode frequencies pose no problems in the presented method. The approach relies on operator algebra to derive an equation for the frequency shifts, which eventually turn out in a simple and physically sound form. Numerically the equations are well-behaved, easy implementable, and can be solved very fast. Like in perturbation theory a reference system is first considered, which then subsequently is used to solve another related, but different system. For our method precision is only limited by the reference system basis functions and the error induced in frequency is of second order for first-order basis set error. As an example we apply our method to the problem of variations in the air-hole diameter in a photonic crystal fiber. 相似文献
8.
9.
Mathias Lederer 《Annals of Combinatorics》2006,10(3):389-394
From Kostant’s multiplicity formula for general linear groups, one can derive a formula for the Kostka numbers. In this note
we give a combinatorial proof of this formula.
Received January 7, 2005 相似文献
10.
Patrick Mather Nino Grizzuti Glenn Heffner Mathias Ricker Willie E. Rochefort Markus Seitz Hans-Werner Schmidt Dale S. Pearson 《Liquid crystals》1994,17(6):811-826
In this paper, we report on the synthesis and detailed characterization of a new semiflexible nematic liquid crystalline polyester which could serve as a 'model' polyester for a variety of physical and physico-chemical investigations. The polymer is a nematic liquid over a wide temperature range-from the glass transition temperature at ∼95°C to the isotropic transition at ∼240°C. We expect this polyester to be particularly useful for studying the effect of flow on the orientation of liquid crystalline polymers, as well as the production and removal of disclinations. 相似文献