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排序方式: 共有182条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Tero Taipale Susanna Holappa Janne Laine 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(6):863-873
Four different types of cellulosic fines were isolated from refiner mechanical and kraft pulp samples to characterize their chemical and physical properties. The pulp fines were flocculated using four different types of cationically modified polyacrylamides. The extent of flocculation was observed with multiple light scattering apparatus. The maximum adsorption of the polyelectrolytes on the pulp fines was determined by polyelectrolyte titration. It was concluded that it is the combination of the molar mass and the charge density of a polyelectrolyte, as well as the origins and characteristics of the fines which define the adsorption and flocculation behavior. None of these properties alone could fully describe these phenomena, but the molar mass of the polyelectrolyte was the predominant factor. The most important fines characteristics were the charge properties and the microstructure. 相似文献
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Lokanathan R. Arcot Meri Lundahl Orlando J. Rojas Janne Laine 《Cellulose (London, England)》2014,21(6):4209-4218
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were functionalized in aqueous media at the reducing, aldehyde ends of cellulose. CNC oxidation to produce carboxyl groups was followed by carbodiimide-mediated reaction to install thiol groups. The selectivity and extent of thiolation at the reducing ends was qualitatively confirmed by imaging (transmission electron microscopy) silver nanoparticles that tagged the CNC termini and by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The adsorption of thiolated CNC onto gold surfaces as well as the viscoelastic property of the formed adlayer was investigated by using quartz crystal microgravimetry. The thiolated CNC chemisorbed on the surfaces were further analyzed for surface density and distribution by using atomic force microscopy. Overall we introduce a facile, mild asymmetric thiolation procedure as an efficient alternative to conventional reductive amination. 相似文献
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We consider the equation \(\rm f^{\prime\prime}+{A}(z){f}=0\) with linearly independent solutions f1,2, where A(z) is a transcendental entire function of finite order. Conditions are given on A(z) which ensure that max{λ(f1),λ(f2)} = ∞, where λ(g) denotes the exponent of convergence of the zeros of g. We show as a special case of a further result that if P(z) is a non-constant, real, even polynomial with positive leading coefficient then every non-trivial solution of \(\rm f^{\prime\prime}+{e}^P{f}=0\) satisfies λ(f) = ∞. Finally we consider the particular equation \(\rm f^{\prime\prime}+({e}^Z-K){f}=0\) where K is a constant, which is of interest in that, depending on K, either every solution has λ(f) = ∞ or there exist two independent solutions f1, f2 each with λ(fi) ≤ 1. 相似文献
6.
Particle-stabilized emulsions comprised of solid droplets 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Giermanska-Kahn J Laine V Arditty S Schmitt V Leal-Calderon F 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(10):4316-4323
We kinetically stabilize oil-in-water emulsions comprising paraffin crystals by adsorbing solid particles (silica) of colloidal size at the oil/water interface. We obtain a set of emulsions that are quiescently stable for a long period of time (months), while the same emulsions are destabilized after only a few hours in the presence of surfactant molecules alone. The emulsions are submitted to a shear stress in order to probe their stability under flow conditions. Partial coalescence and gelation occur when the shear is applied for a sufficiently long period of time. The experiments reveal the existence of a critical droplet mass fraction, phi*, that defines a sharp transition between slow and fast gelation. The process of gelation is rather slow for phi < phi*, occurring at the scale of hours, and becomes almost instantaneous above phi*. 相似文献
7.
Derek F. Laine 《Microchemical Journal》2009,91(1):78-268
A new concept for the electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide, and organic hydroperoxides is presented. One advantage of the significance of this technique is that it does not require chemical modification of the electrode or addition of enzymes. Direct electro-reduction of the peroxides was not observed on the carbon disk electrode as it is a kinetically slow process. Redox cycling of the iron complex is apparent as FeIIEDTA rapidly reduces the O-O bond of the peroxides (Fenton Reaction) upon its production by the kinetically facile electro-reduction of FeIIIEDTA. This provides an enhanced and steady-state reductive current as observed by cyclic voltammetry. These features are indicative of the electrocatalytic (EC′) mechanism. A calibration curve was constructed based on the chronoamperometric response at 32 s and a detection limit for H2O2 and t-butyl hydroperoxide was calculated to be 0.4 μM and 20 µM, respectively. This difference is attributable to the rate in which the iron(II) complex reduces the O-O bond, H2O2 (2.3 × 105 M− 1 s− 1) being faster than for the organic peroxide (5.1 × 104 M− 1 s− 1). The FeIIEDTA complex was observed to be unreactive toward dialkyl peroxides. This method may find use in the detection of peroxide-based explosives or in enzymatic assays as it is rapid, simple, inexpensive and should prove to be robust. 相似文献
8.
Cellulose nanocrystal submonolayers by spin coating 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kontturi E Johansson LS Kontturi KS Ahonen P Thüne PC Laine J 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2007,23(19):9674-9680
Dilute concentrations of cellulose nanocrystal solutions were spin coated onto different substrates to investigate the effect of the substrate on the nanocrystal submonolayers. Three substrates were probed: silica, titania, and amorphous cellulose. According to atomic force microscopy (AFM) images, anionic cellulose nanocrystals formed small aggregates on the anionic silica substrate, whereas a uniform two-dimensional distribution of nanocrystals was achieved on the cationic titania substrate. The uniform distribution of cellulose nanocrystal submonolayers on titania is an important factor when dimensional analysis of the nanocrystals is desired. Furthermore, the amount of nanocrystals deposited on titania was multifold in comparison to the amounts on silica, as revealed by AFM image analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Amorphous cellulose, the third substrate, resulted in a somewhat homogeneous distribution of the nanocrystal submonolayers, but the amounts were as low as those on the silica substrate. These differences in the cellulose nanocrystal deposition were attributed to electrostatic effects: anionic cellulose nanocrystals are adsorbed on cationic titania in addition to the normal spin coating deposition. The anionic silica surface, on the other hand, causes aggregation of the weakly anionic cellulose nanocrystals which are forced on the repulsive substrate by spin coating. The electrostatically driven adsorption also influences the film thickness of continuous ultrathin films of cellulose nanocrystals. The thicker films of charged nanocrystals on a substrate of opposite charge means that the film thickness is not independent of the substrate when spin coating cellulose nanocrystals in the ultrathin regime (<100 nm). 相似文献
9.
Bernas A Kumar N Mäki-Arvela P Laine E Holmbom B Salmi T Murzin DY 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2002,(10):1142-1143
Development of a new heterogeneous catalytic pathway for isomerization of linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acids at mild reaction conditions over Ni/H-MCM-41 in a soluted system. 相似文献
10.
The strict coupling constant expansion for the free energy of hot QCD plasma shows bad convergence at all reasonable temperatures, and does not agree well with its 4D lattice determination. This has recently led to various refined resummations, whereby the agreement with the lattice result should improve, at the cost of a loss of a formal agreement with the coupling constant expansion and particularly with its large infrared sensitive "long-distance" contributions. We show here how to resum the dominant long-distance effects by using a 3D effective field theory, and determine their magnitude by simple lattice Monte Carlo simulations. 相似文献