Wasseruntersuchung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Effects of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation on expression of growth-associated genes by corticospinal neurons

Background  

Inflammation around cell bodies of primary sensory neurons and retinal ganglion cells enhances expression of neuronal growth-associated genes and stimulates axonal regeneration. We have asked if inflammation would have similar effects on corticospinal neurons, which normally show little response to spinal cord injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was applied onto the pial surface of the motor cortex of adult rats with or without concomitant injury of the corticospinal tract at C4. Inflammation around corticospinal tract cell bodies in the motor cortex was assessed by immunohistochemistry for OX42 (a microglia and macrophage marker). Expression of growth-associated genes c-jun, ATF3, SCG10 and GAP-43 was investigated by immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridisation.     

Beta-delayed proton emitter kr

The nucleide ⁷³Kr has been identified by on-line mass separation as a precursor of β-delayed proton emission. The proton branch is (6.8 ±1.2) × 10⁻³ proton/decay. The protons populate the ground state and also the first excited 2⁺ state at 866 keV in ⁷²Se with a relative intensity of (35±9) %. The value of Q_EC−B_p, where B_p is the proton separation energy for the nucleus ⁷³Br, is found to be 4.85 ±0.30 MeV based on the fraction of proton events preceded by positron decay.     

Cloning and characterization of a novel caprine genomic repetitive element that hybridizes with papillomavirus DNA

A goat genomic library was screened by Southern blot hybridization at reduced stringency with a bovine papillomavirus type 5 (BPV 5) DNA probe in order to identify potential cellular and viral sequences related to the papillomavirus genome. A recombinant clone with an 8.5 kb genomic insert was found to contain a 1.3 kb PstI subfragment (designated as P1-1) that hybridized with the DNA of BPV 5, two murine papillomaviruses and human papillomavirus types 5 and 8, but not with DNA from another eight human and bovine papillomavirus types. Southern blot hybridization of the goat P1-1 DNA probe was restricted to a single 1.0 kb subfragment within the E1 open reading frame (ORF) of BPV 5 but produced multiple bands ranging between 1.0 and 9.0 kb when hybridized under stringent conditions with PstI-digested DNA obtained from different goat tissues. The genomic sequence of P1-1 has direct repeats of 10 and 13 nucleotides flanking 153 nucleotides, and 889 nucleotides of sequence, respectively, and an inverted repeat sequence of 11 nucleotides flanking a major ORF potentially coding for 244 residues. Potential splice acceptor and donor sites capable of joining with upstream and downstream exons are present within the major ORF. Sequence similarity between P1-1 and BPV 5 DNA at the nucleotide and amino acid level was limited to a stretch of 58 nucleotides which includes an oligopurine/pyrimidine tract. This region of similarity contains a predicted glutamic acid-rich domain. The P1-1 sequence is a novel repetitive element within the goat genome that is unrelated in sequence to papillomavirus DNA and to genomic sequences of mouse and man.