Rheological and mechanical properties of ABS plastics prepared by bulk polymerization

A series of ABS plastics prepared by bulk polymerization was studied. The test samples contained almost equal amounts of PB but mostly differed in the molecular mass of a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. It was shown that the molecular mass of the copolymer strongly affects the rheological and mechanical properties of ABS plastics. An increase in molecular mass leads to a rise not only in the non-Newtonian viscosity of plastics but also in their yield point, storage modulus under periodic steady-state shear flow in the low-frequency plateau region, and impact strength. Quantitative correlations between these rheological and mechanical characteristics of the copolymers and their M _w values were established. As opposed to homophase polymer systems, a marked increase in the shear stress has no effect on viscosity in relation to the molecular mass of ABS plastics. In the case of melts, the influence of the M _w of the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer on the rheological behavior of ABS plastics is apparently related to a change in the interaction of PB particles with the copolymer that controls the structural framework of the system. The relationship between the impact strength of the copolymer and its M _W may be explained by the fact that the latter parameter influences orientational effects in crazes that arise during steady-state shear flow of ABS plastics in the solid state.     

Phase state and rheology of organosilicon nanocomposites with functionalized hyperbranched nanoparticles

The phase equilibrium in a system of linear polydimethylsiloxane–functionalized nanoparticles 1.2–2.2 nm in size with a core made of hyperbranched silica and a periphery of decyl groups has been studied by laser interferometry method. Phase diagrams of the studied systems fit the amorphous phase equilibrium with UCST increasing with the nanoparticle size. The mixtures present nanoparticle solutions in the linear polymer or emulsions of a saturated solution of one component in a saturated solution of other component depending on the components ratio. Dilute, concentrated, or highly concentrated dispersions show individual features of the rheological behavior. For each colloid chemical and phase states of mixtures, the viscosity and viscoelastic properties have been investigated in a wide temperature range. The obtained results have been compared with the previous data for mixtures of decylated nanoparticles and polyisobutylene.     

Rheological properties of associates of ionic monomers with micelles of oppositely charged surfactants

Rheological properties of associates formed by interaction of trimethyl[methacryl-oxyethyl]ammonium methyl sulfate with sodium octyl- and dodecyl sulfate micelles, as well as associates of sodium 4-styrenesulfonate with dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide micelles in aqueous solutions were studied by steady shear and oscillatory (dynamic) shear measurements with Fourier transform. It was shown that viscosity depends on the composition and achieves maximum value at equimolar ratio of components for two of studied systems. The extremal dependence of the viscosity vs. composition is not observed for systems with sodium octyl sulfate due to weak interactions between the components. The systems exhibiting the anomalous dependencies of concentration to viscosity are viscoelastic fluids due to the physical entanglements between the associates.     

Rheological properties of acrylonitrile—acrylamide—styrene copolymer solutions synthesized by classical and controlled radical polymerizations

Russian Chemical Bulletin - The results of a comparative study of the rheological properties of acrylonitrile copolymers solutions synthesized by classical and controlled radical polymerizations in...     

Unusual rheological effects observed in polyacrylonitrile solutions

Unusual rheological effects have been revealed during the deformation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solutions in DMSO. The effects are observed during the study of rheological properties in a wide range of PAN concentrations and are explained by the structuring occurring at low polymer concentrations. At concentrations of at most 0.1%, the solutions exhibit the behavior of soft gels, which are characterized by yield stresses and frequency-independent storage moduli. As concentration is increased, both effects gradually vanish and the solutions are almost transformed into Newtonian liquids. The results have been explained by the formation of a supramolecular spatial structure at low polymer concentrations. As concentration is increased, the role of structuring is suppressed by the formation of a network of intermacromolecular entanglements. The ability of dilute PAN solutions to exist in two states, i.e., with destroyed structuring and in the form of a physical polymer gel, leads to stress self-oscillations and thixotropic effects. The addition of a precipitant (water) to the PAN-DMSO solutions leads to the formation of a gel throughout the concentration range.     

Effect of MQ-copolymer and polymethylsilsesquioxane on thermal and mechanical properties of highly filled polyisoprene

Russian Chemical Bulletin - Highly filled vulcanizates based on polyisoprene, organosilicon fillers (polymethylsilsesquioxane and MQ-copolymers), and p-quinone dioxime derivative as a rubber...     

Viscosity and temperature transitions in dimethylacetamide solutions of polyamidobenzimidazole and its blends with polysulfone

The rheological properties of 5% solutions of a fiber-forming polyamidobenzimidazole in DMAA containing LiCl additives and polyamidobenzimidazole-polysulfone blends in the same solvent have been studied. The total concentration of polymer blends with various component ratios is 5 wt %. At temperatures below ∼110°C, the systems under study behave as non-Newtonian fluids and their viscosity decreases with temperature. At T > 110°C, the temperature dependence of viscosity passes through a minimum. The position of the minimum on the temperature scale decreases with the concentration of polyamidobenzimidazole. This character of a change in viscosity is associated with the phase separation of polyamidobenzimidazole solution that leads to its gelation. The temperature corresponding to the minimum viscosity coincides with the onset temperature of a sharp turbidity of solution during heating. It is suggested that solutions containing up to 5% polyamidobenzimidazole possess an LCST. The addition of up to 50% polysulfone has almost no effect on the temperature of transition but brings about a marked decline in the viscosity of the system.     

Phase equilibrium and rheology of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) solutions

The phase equilibrium and rheological properties of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) solutions obtained with tantalum catalysts are studied. For three polymers with different molecular masses, phase diagrams are determined in a number of solvents. From these diagrams, the Hansen solubility parameters of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) are calculated by the method proposed in this work. Dilute solutions of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) behave as Newtonian liquids, whereas the viscosity of viscoelastic concentrated systems decreases as the shear rate grows. The molecular and rheological characteristics of studied poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) samples are compared with the samples prepared with NbCl₅ catalysts. Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) obtained with a catalytic system involving tantalum pentachloride is characterized by high intrinsic viscosity and solution viscosity compared to poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) prepared with niobium catalyst. The difference in properties is due to the dissimilar ratios of cis and trans units in the samples.     

On the basic laws of anisotropic viscoelasticity

The main aim of this work is to develop a consistent formulation of the rheological behavior for different anisotropic polymer systems. The unified theory of anisotropic viscoelasticity is developed based on the symmetry principles. The Maxwell rheological equation is extended to nonsymmetric anisotropic liquids. Transitions from the most general anisotropy to particular cases of anisotropy are established. It appears that the coupled relaxation of symmetric and antisymmetric stresses is a natural phenomenon in nonsymmetric viscoelasticity. Within the concept of an internal state variable, a stress–order relation is derived for a fully nonlinear case. The order tensor dynamics is also considered. A simple method of deriving the equation of the internal rotational motion is developed for the general macroscopic anisotropy. This paper was presented at the 3rd Annual Rheology Conference, AERC 2006, April 27–29, 2006, Crete, Greece